نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم ورزشی دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم ورزشی دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی کاربردی، گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

تمرین هوازی می‌تواند با افزایش انتقال‌دهنده‌های لاکتات، تأثیر مهمی در به تأخیر انداختن خستگی داشته باشد. با این حال، تغییرات انتقال‌دهنده‌های مونوکربوکسیلات‌ها در دورۀ بی‌تمرینی و تأثیر تمرینات موسوم به شوک بر حفظ سازگاری‌های تمرین در دورة بی‌تمرینی ناشناخته است. بنابراین، هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثر تمرین استقامتی، بی‌تمرینی و تمرین شوک بر عملکرد استقامتی و میزان پروتئین انتقال‌دهنده‌های مونوکربوکسیلات (MCT1 و MCT4) عضلۀ دوقلو موش‌های صحرایی نر بود. در این پژوهش آزمایشی، تعداد 24 موش صحرایی نر (75/6 ± 05/247 گرم) در چهار گروه کنترل، تمرین استقامتی، تمرین استقامتی+ بی‌تمرینی، و تمرین استقامتی + تمرین شوک قرار گرفتند. برنامۀ تمرین دویدن روی نوار گردان به مدت 12 هفته (5 جلسه در هفته با شدت حدود 85 درصد Vo2 max در هفتۀ آخر) انجام گرفت؛ برنامۀ بی‌تمرینی یا تمرین شوک در گروه‌های مربوطه (هفته‌ای یک جلسه و به مدت 40 دقیقه و با سرعت 30-20 متر در دقیقه) از هفتۀ 10 تا 12 اجرا شد. مقدار پروتئین MCT1 و MCT4 با استفاده از روش الایزا اندازه‌گیری شد. عملکرد استقامتی نیز با استفاده از آزمون وامانده‌ساز سنجیده شد. مقدار MCT1 عضلۀ دوقلو در گروه تمرین استقامتی بیشتر از گروه کنترل بود (001/0=P). اما، سطح MCT1 گروه بی‌تمرین نسبت به تمرین استقامتی (000/1=P) و تمرین شوک (998/0=P) تفاوتی نداشت. به‌علاوه، تمرین استقامتی، بی‌تمرینی و تمرین شوک در مقدار MCT4 عضلۀ دوقلو تغییرات معناداری را ایجاد نکرد (148/0=P). بی‌تمرینی موجب افت محسوس عملکرد استقامتی نسبت به گروه تمرین شد (001/0=P). با وجود کاهش معنادار عملکرد گروه شوک نسبت به گروه تمرین (001/0=P)، تمرین شوک از افت عملکرد ناشی از بی‌تمرینی جلوگیری کرد (006/0=P). تمرین استقامتی موجب افزایش مقدار MCT1 عضلۀ دوقلو می‌شود. این افزایش، تحت تأثیر بی‌تمرینی یا تمرین شوک قرار نمی‌گیرد. با این حال، به‌نظر می‌رسد تمرین شوک بتواند از افت عملکرد استقامتی ناشی از بی‌تمرینی به‌طور معناداری بکاهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Endurance Training, Detraining and Shock Training on Monocarboxylate Transporters in the Gastrocnemius Muscle and Endurance Performance of Male Rats

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Rahmani 1
  • Ali Gorzi 2
  • Zahra Ajali Rad 3

1 . Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

2 . Associate Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

3 MSc in Exercise Physiology, Department of Sport Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Aerobic training can have an important role in the delay of metabolic fatigue occurrence by increasing lactate transporters. However, changes in monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) during the detraining period and the effect of, so-called, shock training on the maintenance of training adaptations during the detraining period have remained unknown.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of endurance training, detraining and shock training on the endurance performance and protein levels of monocarboxylate transporters (MCT1 and MCT4). The training program consisted of running on the treadmill for 12 weeks (5 days a week). The detraining/shock training protocol (one session per week, for 40 minutes at a speed of 20-30 m/min) was applied from 10th to 12th week. Levels of MCT1 and MCT4 were measured by the ELISA method. The levels of MCT1 in the endurance training group were higher than the control group (P= 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in the level of MCT1 among detraining, endurance training (P=1.000) and shock training (P=0.9981) groups. Endurance training, detraining and shock training groups didn’t change MCT4 levels (P=0.148). Detraining significantly decreased endurance performance compared with the endurance training group (P=0.001). Despite the decreased performance of the shock training group compared to the endurance training group (P=0.0001), shock training prevents detraining induced performance loss (p=0.006). Endurance training increases the MCT1 level of the gastrocnemius muscle. This increase is not influenced by detraining or shock training. However, it seems that shock training can ameliorate the loss of endurance performance caused by detraining.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Endurance performance
  • Metabolic Fatigue
  • Monocarboxylate transporters
  • Relative detraining
  • Shock training
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