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تأثیر وضعیت آمادگی بدنی و جنسیت بر پاسخ دستگاه قلبی تنفسی به فعالیت وامانده‌ساز در محیط با آلودگی هوا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکدۀ علوم ورزشی ، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

2 . استاد، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکدۀ علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

3 . استادیار، گروه بیومکانیک ورزشی و رفتار حرکتی، دانشکدۀ علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

4 . استاد، گروه بیماری‌های قلب و عروق، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

شواهد حاکی از آن است که آلودگی هوا در جوامع صنعتی با مرگ‌ومیر ناشی از بیماری‌های قلبی تنفسی همراه است، اما اطلاعات اندکی در خصوص تأثیر وضعیت آمادگی بدنی و جنسیت وجود دارد. هدف مطالعۀ حاضر تعیین اثر وضعیت آمادگی بدنی و جنسیت بر شاخص‌های قلبی تنفسی شامل درصد اشباع هموگلوبین از اکسیژن (2SPO)، حاصل‌ضرب دوگانه (DP) و شاخص‌های اسپیرومتری (FVC،1FEV، FVC / 1FEVوPEF) متعاقب فعالیت وامانده‌ساز در هوای آلوده بود. در یک طرح نیمه‌تجربی، 120 مرد و زن (هشت گروه) 40 تا 55 ساله، به‌طور تصادفی به چهار گروه تجربی (زن فعال، مرد فعال، زن غیرفعال و مرد غیرفعال) ساکن محیط آلوده و چهار گروه کنترل (زن فعال، مرد فعال، زن غیرفعال و مرد غیرفعال) ساکن محیط غیرآلوده تقسیم و با یکدیگر مقایسه شدند. آنوا دوطرفه نشان داد که آلودگی هوا موجب افزایش 5/29 درصدی DP می‌شود، درحالی‌که کاهش شدید FVC، ،1FEV به‌ترتیب به مقدار 87/16و4/21 درصدی سطوح استراحتی را در پی دارد. در پی انجام فعالیت بدنی، افزایش 31/26 درصدی مقادیر DP در مردان و زنان غیرفعال محیط آلوده در مقایسه با گروه‌های کنترل رخ می‌دهد. علاوه‌بر این، جنسیت نیز به‌ترتیب افزایش 14/12و63/7 درصدی سطوح استراحتی DPو FVC / 1FEVدر مردان را به‌دنبال دارد. براساس این یافته‌ها، قرارگیری در معرض آلودگی هوا بار وارده بر قلب و اکسیژن مصرفی میوکارد را افزایش می‌دهد و این وضعیت در زنان برجسته‌تر است. اگرچه، آمادگی بدنی موجب تعدیل این شاخص‌ها در محیط آلوده می‌شود، مهارکننده نیست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Physical Fitness Status and Gender on Cardiorespiratory Response to an Exhaustive Exercise in Air Polluted Environments

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sarah Pouriamehr 1
  • Valiollah Dabidi Roshan 2
  • Somayeh Namdar 3
  • Masoumeh Sadeghi 4

1 MSc Student, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Biomechanics and Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Although evidence suggests that air pollution in industrial societies is associated with mortality following cardiorespiratory diseases, there are few evidences showing the effects of physical fitness and gender. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of physical fitness status and gender on cardiorespiratory indexes such as the percentage of hemoglobin saturation of oxygen (SPO2), double product (DP) and spirometric indices (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and PEF) following exhaustive exercise in air pollution. In a semi-experimental design, 120 males and females (8 groups, aged between 40 and 55) were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups (active women, active men, inactive women and inactive men) living in an air polluted region and 4 control groups (active women, active men, inactive women and inactive men) living in a clean air area. Two-way ANOVA showed that air pollution caused a 29.5% increase in DP while acutely decreased FVC and FEV1 by 16.87% and 21.4% at resting level respectively. A 26.31% increase in DP happened in inactive men and women who lived in an air polluted region following an exhaustive exercise compared with the control groups. In addition, gender also increased men’s resting levels of DP and FEV1/FVC by 12.14% and 7.63% respectively. Based on these findings, the air pollution exposure increases the burden on the heart and the amount of myocardial oxygen consumption. Likewise, this situation is more prominent in women. Although physical fitness modifies these indices in the air polluted environment, it does not inhibit them.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • air pollution
  • cardiorespiratory events
  • myocardial oxygen consumption
  • physical fitness
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نشریه علوم زیستی ورزشی
دوره 12، شماره 2
شهریور 1399
صفحه 155-172
فایل ها
سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 آبان 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 اردیبهشت 1399
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