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The Effect of Eight Weeks of Voluntary and Forced Endurance Training and Royal Jelly Consumption on NF-κB Gene Expression and Antioxidant Agents in Trimethyltin-Treated Alzheimer's Rats

Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license

Authors

1 Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.

2 . Corresponding Author Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.

3 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht Branch, Marvdasht, Iran.

4 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease causes hippocampal degeneration, memory loss, and dementia. However, the effect of voluntary and forced endurance training and royal jelly consumption on this disease is not clear.
Aim:In this study, the effect of eight weeks of voluntary and forced endurance training and consumption of Royal Jelly (RJ) on NF-κB gene expression and antioxidant factors were investigated in trimethyltin (TMT)-treated Alzheimer’s rats.
Methods: After induction of Alzheimer's disease with TMT, 60 male rats were randomly divided into eight groups, including: first and last week slaughtered Alzheimer's rats control, voluntary training (VT), forced swimming training (ST), sham, voluntary training + RJ consumption (VT + RJ), forced swimming training + RJ Consumption (ST + RJ),  and Royal Jelly Consumption (RJ) groups. Also, 12 rats were placed equally in the first and last week slaughtered healthy control groups. The VT and ST groups were placed in a spinning wheel and a special swimming pool for rodents respectively, for eight weeks, and three 60-minute sessions per week using the overload principle. The RJ groups peritoneally received 100 mg/kg/day of royal jelly for eight weeks. One-way ANOVA was used to statistically analyze the values ​​of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Beta 2 Microglobulin (B2m), and NF-κB.
Results: TAC gene expression in the hippocampal tissue of ST and VT groups was significant compared with the healthy group (P = 0.02), but MDA gene expression (P=0.165), B2m (P=0.060), and NF-κB (P=0.069) were not significant.
Conclusion: In general, voluntary and forced endurance training and Royal Jelly consumption improve the antioxidant gene expression in the hippocampal tissue of TMT-treated Alzheimer's rats.

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References
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Journal of Sport Biosciences
Volume 14, Issue 2
September 2022
Pages 87-102
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History
  • Receive Date: 13 February 2022
  • Revise Date: 04 July 2022
  • Accept Date: 06 July 2022
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