The Effect of Timing of BCAA Supplementation on Anabolic-Catabolic Hormones Concentration and Muscle Damage Following Acute Resistance Training

Bababeygi Sanandaji, Azin; Sheikholeslami Vatani, Darush

doi:10.22059/jsb.2023.362022.1596

Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license

Authors

¹ Corresponding author, Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.

² Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.22059/jsb.2023.362022.1596

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Branched-Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) supplementation time on changes in the concentration of anabolic-catabolic hormones and muscle damage in trained individuals following acute resistance training.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study with cross-sectional design, 11 active male athletes from Sanandaj sports clubs with a mean age of 32±6.9 years, height of 179.7±22.7 Cm, weight of 79.4±1.11Kg, and body mass index of 25.3 ± 3.8 Kg/m² who had at least three regular training sessions during the week and had no history of taking supplement, were selected purposefully and then randomly subjected to four conditions (taking supplement/placebo 20 minutes before training and immediately after training). In the first session, half of the participants received three grams of BCAA supplements, and the other half received a placebo 20 minutes before resistance training. In the second session, the participants were subjected to opposite conditions. The conditions in the third and fourth sessions were different in that the time of taking the supplement was immediately after the end of resistance training. In each session, two blood samples were drawn before the beginning of the resistance program and again half an hour after the end of the training program to measure the studied variables.
Results: Analysis of variance with repeated measurements showed that BCAA supplementation does not significantly affect muscle damage indices (creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase) and does not change the serum concentration of testosterone, cortisol, and growth hormones.
Conclusion: In general, the present findings show that the use of one dose of BCAA before and after the end of the resistance training protocol does not affect the changes in the concentration of anabolic-catabolic hormones and muscle damage.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Exercise Physiology

References

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[29] Sheikh al-Islami Watani, D., Moradi.A. Hormonal responses, indices of cell damage and plasma amino acid concentrations following acute resistance exercise with BCAA supplementation. Sports Biology Journal 2013; 20;4(15): 45-62.10.22059/jsb.2013.29777.[In Persian].

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[40] Greer BK, Woodard JL, White JP, Arguello EM, Haymes EM. Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation and Indicators of Muscle Damage after Endurance Exercise. in International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 2007;17(6): 595–607. 10.1123/ijsnem.17.6.595.

[41] Sharp CP, Pearson DR. Amino acid supplements and recovery from high-intensity resistance training. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2010 Apr 1;24(4):1125-30. 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c7c655.

[42] Lee C. Effects of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation on Exercise Induced Muscle Damage and Delayed Onset of Muscle Soreness After a Bout of Eccentric Exercise. The University of Western Ontario (Canada) ProQuest. 2021.https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/7720.

[43] Coombes JS, McNaughton LS. Effects of branched-chain amino acid supplementation on serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase after prolonged exercise. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 2000;40(3): 240.10.a15028d2c11276e7ae423b664.

[44] Sullivan ZM, Baier SM, Johannsen NM, King DS. Branched‐chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation maintains muscle power following eccentric exercise. The FASEB Journal. 2007. 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.LB49-b.

[45] Humberto Nicastro RAC, Nayara D. Massunaga, Ana Beatriz B. da Fonseca, Valeria Paschoal, Andreia Naves and Natalia Marques. Are the Bcaas/Leucine Supplementation Effects on ExerciseInduced Muscle Damage Related Immunity Response or to Hmβ? Journal of Nutritional Health & Food Science. 2014;2(2): 1-3. 10.15226/jnhfs.2014.00119.

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[47] Koba, T, Hamada, K, Sakurai, M, Matsumoto K, Hayase H, Tsujimoto H, et al. Branched-chain amino acids supplementation attenuates the accumulation of blood lactate dehydrogenase during distance running. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 2007;47(3).

The Effect of Timing of BCAA Supplementation on Anabolic-Catabolic Hormones Concentration and Muscle Damage Following Acute Resistance Training

References

References

[1] Howatson G, van Someren KA. The Prevention and Treatment of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage. Sports Medicine. 2008;38(6): 483-503. 10.2165/00007256-200838060-00004.

[2] Gleeson M. Interrelationship between physical activity and branched-chain amino acids. The Journal of nutrition. 2005;135(6): 1591S-5S. 10.1093/jn/135.6.1591S.

[3] Paulsen G, Mikkelsen UR, Raastad T, Peake JM. Leucocytes, cytokines and satellite cells: what role do they play in muscle damage and regeneration following eccentric exercise? Exercise immunology review. 2012;1(18). 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.LB49-b.

[4] Stankov SV. Definition of inflammation, causes of inflammation and possible anti-inflammatory strategies. The Open Inflammation Journal. 2012;5(1): 1-9. 10.1281/1451-2783-21-32.

[5] Hosios AM, Hecht VC, Danai LV, Johnson MO, Rathmell JC, Steinhauser ML, et al. Amino Acids Rather than Glucose Account for the Majority of Cell Mass in Proliferating Mammalian Cells. Developmental cell. 2016;36(5): 540-9. 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.02.012.

[6] Gorissen SHM, Phillips SM. Branched-Chain Amino Acids (Leucine, Isoleucine, and Valine) and Skeletal Muscle. Nutrition and Skeletal Muscle. 2019: 283-98. 10.1016/B978-0-12-810422-4.00016-6.

[9] Shimomura Y, Honda T, Shiraki M, Murakami T, Sato J, Kobayashi H, et al. Exercise Promotes BCAA Catabolism: Effects of BCAA Supplementation on Skeletal Muscle during Exercise. The Journal of Nutrition. 2006;136(1): 250S–3S. 10.1093/jn/134.6.1583S.

[11] Nosaka K. Muscle soreness and amino acids. Training journal. 2003;289: 24-8. 10.7600/jpfsm.1.219.

[12] Shenoy S, Dhawan M, Sandhu JS. Effect of chronic supplementation of branched chain amino acids on exercise-induced muscle damage in trained athletes. Journal of Sports Science. 2017;5: 265-73. 10.17265/2332-7839/2017.05.005

[13] VanDusseldorp T, Escobar KA, Johnson KE, Stratton MT, Moriarty T, Cole N, et al. Effect of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation on Recovery Following Acute Eccentric Exercise. Nutrients. 2018;10(10): 1389. 10.3390/nu10101389.

[14] Gee T, Deniel S. Branched-chain aminoacid supplementation attenuates a decrease in power-producing ability following acute strength training. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 2016;56(12): .1511-7. 10.1007/s00726-021-03089-2.

[17] Amirsasan R, Nikookheslat S, Sari-Sarraf V, Vahid B, Letafatkar A. The Effects of Two Different Dosages of BCAA Supplementation on A Serum Indicators of Muscle Damage in Wrestlers. 2011;1(2): 32-6. https://www.sid.ir/paper/84540/fa.[In Persian].

[18] Browning JD, Baxter J, Satapati S, Burgess SC. The effect of short-term fasting on liver and skeletal muscle lipid, glucose, and energy metabolism in healthy women and men. Journal of lipid research. 2012;53(3): 577-86. 10.1194/jlr.P020867.

[19] Petchonka A, Campbell BI, Bunn J. Reducing muscle soreness and muscle damage: A role for branched-chain amino acids. Journal of Sports Medicine & Doping Studies. 2012;2(5). 10.4172/2161-0673.1000e125.

[20] Fouré A, Bendahan D. Is branched-chain amino acids supplementation an efficient nutritional strategy to alleviate skeletal muscle damage? A systematic review. Nutrients. 2017;9(10): 1047. 10.3390/nu9101047.

[21] Rahimi MH, Shab-Bidar S, Mollahosseini M, Djafarian K. Branched-chain amino acid supplementation and exercise-induced muscle damage in exercise recovery: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Nutrition. 2017;42: 30-6. 10.22038/jnfh.2019.38666.1177.[In Persian].

[22] Hormoznejad R, Zare Javid A, Mansoori A. Effect of BCAA supplementation on central fatigue, energy metabolism substrate and muscle damage to the exercise: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Sport Sciences for Health. 2019;15: pages265–79. 10.1007/s11332-019-00542-4.

[24] Nicastro H, Carnauba RA, Massunaga ND, da Fonseca, Ana Beatriz B, Paschoal V, Naves A, et al. Are the Bcaas/Leucine Supplementation Effects on ExerciseInduced Muscle Damage Related Immunity Response or to. Journal of Nutritional Health & Food Science. 2014;2(2): 1-3. 10.15226/jnhfs.2014.00119.

[25] Spillane M, Emerson C, Willoughby DS. The effects of 8 weeks of heavy resistance training and branched-chain amino acid supplementation on body composition and muscle performance. Sage Journals Home. 2012;21(4): 263-73. 10.1177/026010601351.

[26] Asjodi F, Daryabeygikhotbehsara R, Gargari BP, Izadi A. Impacts of combined or single supplementation of branched-chain amino acids on delayed onset muscle soreness and muscle damage following resistance exercise. 2018;20(2): 263 - 72. 10.23751/pn.v20i2.5825.

[27] Lim I-S. Effects of branched-chain amino acid supplement on knee peak torque and indicators of muscle damage following isokinetic exercise-induced delayed onset muscle soreness. Phys Act Nutr. 2020;24(4): 28-33. 10.20463/pan.2020.0025.

[28] Gonçalves LA. A suplementação de leucina com relação à massa muscular em humanos. Revista brasileira de nutrição esportiva. Revista Brasileira de Nutrição Esportiva, São Paulo. 2013;7(40): 3. http://www.rbne.com.br/index.php/rbne/article/view/397.

[29] Sheikh al-Islami Watani, D., Moradi.A. Hormonal responses, indices of cell damage and plasma amino acid concentrations following acute resistance exercise with BCAA supplementation. Sports Biology Journal 2013; 20;4(15): 45-62.10.22059/jsb.2013.29777.[In Persian].

[31] Goldberg AL, Chang TW. Regulation and significance of amino acid metabolism in skeletal muscle. In Federation proceedings. 1978;37(9): 2301-7. 10.1016/j.metabol.2004.11.005.

[33] Diogo V. Martinho HN, Ana Faria, Adam Field. Oral Branched-Chain Amino Acids Supplementation in Athletes: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022;14(9): 4002. 10.3390/nu14194002.

[35] Kirby TJ, Triplett NT, Haines TL, Skinner JW, Fairbrother KR, McBride JM. Effect of leucine supplementation on indices of muscle damage following drop jumps and resistance exercise. 2012;42: pages1987–96. 10.1007/s00726-011-0928-9.

[36] Kim D-H, Kim S-H, Jeong W-S, Lee H-Y. Effect of BCAA intake during endurance exercises on fatigue substances, muscle damage substances, and energy metabolism substances. Journal of exercise nutrition & biochemistry. 2013;17(4): 169–80. 10.5717/jenb.2013.17.4.169.

[37] Ghaderi M, Azizbeigi K. Hormonal responses to acute resistance exercise after branched-chain amino acids supplementation. International Medical Journal. 2014;22(1): 1-5. https://www.sid.ir/paper/107857/fa [In Persian].

[39] Bacurau RF. Nutrição e suplementação esportiva. 2009. https://repositorio.usp.br/item/001783677.

[40] Greer BK, Woodard JL, White JP, Arguello EM, Haymes EM. Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation and Indicators of Muscle Damage after Endurance Exercise. in International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 2007;17(6): 595–607. 10.1123/ijsnem.17.6.595.

[41] Sharp CP, Pearson DR. Amino acid supplements and recovery from high-intensity resistance training. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2010 Apr 1;24(4):1125-30. 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c7c655.

[42] Lee C. Effects of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation on Exercise Induced Muscle Damage and Delayed Onset of Muscle Soreness After a Bout of Eccentric Exercise. The University of Western Ontario (Canada) ProQuest. 2021.https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/7720.

[43] Coombes JS, McNaughton LS. Effects of branched-chain amino acid supplementation on serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase after prolonged exercise. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 2000;40(3): 240.10.a15028d2c11276e7ae423b664.

[44] Sullivan ZM, Baier SM, Johannsen NM, King DS. Branched‐chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation maintains muscle power following eccentric exercise. The FASEB Journal. 2007. 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.LB49-b.

[46] Shimomura Y, Honda T, Shiraki M, Murakami T, Sato J, Kobayashi H, et al. Branched-Chain Amino Acid Catabolism in Exercise and Liver Disease. The Journal of Nutrition. 2006;136(1): 250S–3S. 10.1093/jn/136.1.250S.

[47] Koba, T, Hamada, K, Sakurai, M, Matsumoto K, Hayase H, Tsujimoto H, et al. Branched-chain amino acids supplementation attenuates the accumulation of blood lactate dehydrogenase during distance running. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 2007;47(3).

Volume 15, Issue 4 - Serial Number 98December 2023Pages 39-54

Volume 15, Issue 4 - Serial Number 98
December 2023
Pages 39-54