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The Effect of Physical Fitness Status and Gender on Cardiorespiratory Response to an Exhaustive Exercise in Air Polluted Environments

Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license

Authors

1 MSc Student, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Biomechanics and Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Although evidence suggests that air pollution in industrial societies is associated with mortality following cardiorespiratory diseases, there are few evidences showing the effects of physical fitness and gender. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of physical fitness status and gender on cardiorespiratory indexes such as the percentage of hemoglobin saturation of oxygen (SPO2), double product (DP) and spirometric indices (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and PEF) following exhaustive exercise in air pollution. In a semi-experimental design, 120 males and females (8 groups, aged between 40 and 55) were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups (active women, active men, inactive women and inactive men) living in an air polluted region and 4 control groups (active women, active men, inactive women and inactive men) living in a clean air area. Two-way ANOVA showed that air pollution caused a 29.5% increase in DP while acutely decreased FVC and FEV1 by 16.87% and 21.4% at resting level respectively. A 26.31% increase in DP happened in inactive men and women who lived in an air polluted region following an exhaustive exercise compared with the control groups. In addition, gender also increased men’s resting levels of DP and FEV1/FVC by 12.14% and 7.63% respectively. Based on these findings, the air pollution exposure increases the burden on the heart and the amount of myocardial oxygen consumption. Likewise, this situation is more prominent in women. Although physical fitness modifies these indices in the air polluted environment, it does not inhibit them.

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References
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Journal of Sport Biosciences
Volume 12, Issue 2
September 2020
Pages 155-172
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History
  • Receive Date: 17 November 2019
  • Revise Date: 03 May 2020
  • Accept Date: 27 April 2020
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