Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Kashmar Higher Education Institute, Kashmar, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Bojnord University, Bojnord, Iran

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of strength-power training with different loads on muscular and performing functions in elite soccer players. 36 subjects from 4 universities were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: group 1 (strength-power training with 60-70% of 1RM), group 2 (strength-power training with 70-80% of 1RM) and group 3 (strength - power training with 80-90% of 1RM). Strength-power training program included 6 movements which were performed for 12 weeks (3 sessions per week) for all groups. Results showed that heavy load significantly increased muscular strength of lower body compared with the light load. The heavy and intermediate loads significantly increased anaerobic power of lower body compared with the light load. The heavy load significantly decreased the time of 20 and 30 meter run and Hoff test compared with the light and intermediate loads. No significant differences were observed in other loads. Also, there were no significant differences in the 10 meter sprint and explosive power. It is suggested that soccer players should use strength- power training with the load of 80-90% of 1RM to improve their muscular and performing functions.

Keywords

 
1. Adams, K ., O'Shea, J. P., O'Shea, K. L, Climstein,M. 1992. The effect of six weeks of squat, plyometric and squat-plyometric training on power production. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 6, 36-41.
2. Blazevich, A. J ., Jenkins, D. 1998. Physical performance differences between weight-trained sprinters and weight trainers. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport,1, 12-21.
3. Blazevich, A., Jenkins, D. 2002. Effect of the movement speed of resistance training exercises on sprint and strength performance in concurrently training elite junior sprinters. Journal of sports sciences, 20, 981-990.
4. Chamari, K., Hachana,Y., Kaouech,F., Jeddi,R .,et al. 2005. Endurance training and testing with the ball in young elite soccer players. Journal of sports medicine, 24-28.    
5. Chelly, M. S., Fathloun,M., Cherief,N.,Benamer,M., et al. 2009.Effects of a back squat training program on leg power, jump, and sprint performances in junior soccer players.Journal of Strength and  Conditioning Research, 23, 2241–2249.
6. Cometti,G., Maffiuletti, N.A., Pousson,M., Chatard,  J.C., Maffulli,  N. 2001. Isokinetic strength and anaerobic power of elite, subelite and amateur soccer players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 45–51.
7. Cronin, J., McNair, P.J., Marshall, R. N. 2001. Velocity specificity, combination training  and sport specific tasks. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport ,4, 168-178.
8. Delecluse,C.,Coppenolle,V.H., Leemputte,V.M., RGoris, M. 1995.Find all citations by this author (default).Or filter your current search  Influence of high-resistance and high-velocity training on sprint performance. Journal of  Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,27, 1203-1209.
9. Faude, O., Koch, T., Meyer, T. 2012. Straight sprinting is the most frequent action in goal situations in professional football. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30, 625–631.
10. Gorostiaga,E.M., Izqierdo,M.,Ruesta,M.,Iribarren,J., et al. 2004. strength  training effects on physical performance and serum hormones in young soccer players. European journal of applied physiology ,698-707.
11. Harris, G.R., Stone, M.H., O'bryant, H. S., Proulx, C.M.,et al. 2000. Short-term performance effects of high power, high force, or combined weight-training methods. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 14, 14-20.
12. Harris, N.K., Cronin, J.B., Hopkins, W.G., Hansen, K.T. 2008. Squat jump training at maximal power loads vs heavy loads: effect on sprint ability. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22, 1742-1749
13. Helgrud,H., Roads,G., Kemi,O.J., Hoff,J. 2011.Strength and endurance in elite football players. Journal of sports medicine, 677-682.
14. Hoff, J., Helgerud, J.Gran,A. 2002. Maximal strength training improves aerobic endurance performance. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports,12,288-295.
15. Johnson, D. L., Bahamonde, R. 1996. Power output estimate in university  athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 10, 161-166.
16. Keir,A.K., Theriault,F., Serresse,O. 2013. Evaluation of the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test as a Measure of Repeated Sprint Ability in Collegiate-Level Soccer Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27, 1671-1678.
17. Lopez,M.,Jose,M.,Andres,P.,Juan,J., et al. 2010. effect of 4 months of training on aerobic power, strength, and acceleration in two under- 19 soccer teams. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24, 2705-2714.
18. Lyttle, A.D., Wilson,G.J ., Ostrowski, K. J. 1996. enhancing performance: maximal power versus combined weights and plyometrics training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research , 10, 173-179.
19. McBride, J.M., Triplett-McBride, T., Davie, A., Newton, R.U. 2002.The effect of heavy-vs light-load jump squats on the development of strength, power, and speed. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,  16, 75-82.
20. McDonagh, M.J., Davies, C.M. 1984. Adaptive response of mammalian  skeletal muscle to exercise with high loads.European Journal of Applied  Physiology, 139-155
21. Requena,B., Gonnzalez, B.J.J., Devillareal., F.S.S., Ereline, J., et al. 2009. Functional performance, maximal strength, and power characteristucs in isiometric and dynamic actions of lowe extremities in soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23, 1391-1401
22. Ronnestad, B.R., Kvamme, N.H., Sunde, A., Raastad, T. 2008. Short-term  effects of strength and plyometric training on sprint and jump performance in professional soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22, 773–780.
23. Salaj, S., Markovic, G. 2011.Specificity of jumping, sprinting, and quick change-of direction motor abilities. Journal of Strength and  Conditioning Research, 25, 1249–1255.
24. Sander. A., Keiner. M., Wirth, K., Schmidtbleicher, D. 2013. Influence of a 2-year strength training programme on power performance in elite youth soccer players. European Journal of sport science,13, 445–451.
25. Schmidtbleicher,D.,Haralambie,G. 1981. Changes in contractile properties of muscle after strength training in man. European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology, 46, 221-228.
26. Shahidi, F., Ghareh, A ., Najad Panah,M., Lotfi, G. 2012. The effect of two resistance training types on muscle fitness and anaerobic capacity in 16-18 years old male soccer players. Annals of Biological Research, 3, 2713-2717.
27. Silva, J.R., Magalhaes, J., Ascensao, A., Seabra, A.F., et al. 2013. Training status and match activity of professional soccer players throughout a season. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27, 20–30.
28. Storen,q.,Helgrud,J.,Stqa,E.M.,Hoff,J. 2008.maximal strength training improves running economy in distance runners. Journal of medicine and science in sports and exercise,40, 1089-1094.
29. Tricoli, V., Lamas,L., Carnevale, R., Ugrinowitsch, C. 2005.Short-term effectson lower-body functional power development: weightlifting vs. vertical jump training programs. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19, 433-437.
30. Wilson, G.J., Newton, R.U., Murphy, A.J., Humphries. B.J. 1993. The optimal training load for the development of dynamic athletic performance. Journal of Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 25, 1279-1286.
31. Wong,P., Chamari,K., Wislof,U. 2010. Effects of 12-week on field combind strentgh and power training on physical performance among u-14 young soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24, 644-652.
32.Young, W.B., Bilby, G. E. 1993. The effect of voluntary effort to influence speed of contraction on strength, muscular power, and hypertrophy development. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 7, 172-178.