The Effect of Two-month Concurrent Training with and without Calorie Restriction on Sirtuin-1 Activity and Content in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Inactive Men

Jafari, Afshar; Etemadian, Farid; Malekirad, Ali Akbar; Baradaran, Behzad

doi:10.22059/jsb.2020.308308.1422

Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license

Authors

¹ . Associate Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, b: Associate Professor of Exercise Physiology, Department of Biological Sciences in Sport,

² . PhD Student, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

³ . Associate Professor of Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

⁴ Associate Professor of Immunology, Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22059/jsb.2020.308308.1422

Abstract

Abstract
Sirtuins have become prominent molecules in the aging process. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare the effect of two months of concurrent training with and without calorie restriction on sirtuin-1 activity and content in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of inactive men. Therefore, thirty inactive men participated in three homogeneous groups: calorie restriction (CR: n=10), concurrent training (T: n=10), and concurrent training with calorie restriction (TCR: n=10). The calorie restriction was about -30 kcal•kg-1•week-1. The training consisted of five days a week (Resistance Training: two sessions / week-1, and High- Intensity Interval Training: three sessions / week-1). Sirtuin-1 content and activity in PBMCs were measured by ELISA and fluorometric assay, respectively. To measure oxidative stress, Plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined by FRAP and spectrophotometry, respectively. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance at a significance level ≤ 0.05. The results showed that Sirtuin-1 activity and TAC of all three groups were significantly increased after two-month interventions (p < 0.05). However, the changes in sirtuin-1 content and MDA levels were not significant in any groups (P> 0.05). Given the optimal changes in sirtuin-1 activity in PBMCs, TAC, and somebody composition components following two-months of concurrent training without calorie restriction, it can be concluded that concurrent training may be a more appropriate intervention for modulating the cell survival indicator in inactive men.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Exercise Physiology

References

1. DESA U. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2019: Highlights. 2019.

2. Wijshake SI, Hayflick L. Cellular ageing and replicative senescence: Springer; 2016.

3. Tang BL. Sirt1 and the Mitochondria. Mol Cells. 2016;39(2):87-95.

4. Imai S. The NAD World: a new systemic regulatory network for metabolism and aging--Sirt1, systemic NAD biosynthesis, and their importance. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2009;53(2):65-74.

5. Imai S. From heterochromatin islands to the NAD World: a hierarchical view of aging through the functions of mammalian Sirt1 and systemic NAD biosynthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009;1790(10):997-1004.

6. Ido Y. Diabetic complications within the context of aging: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide redox, insulin C-peptide, sirtuin 1-liver kinase B1-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase positive feedback and forkhead box O3. J Diabetes Investig. 2016;7(4):448-58.

7. Crujeiras A, Parra D, Goyenechea E, Martínez J. Sirtuin gene expression in human mononuclear cells is modulated by caloric restriction. European journal of clinical investigation. 2008;38(9):672-8.

8. Handschin C. Caloric restriction and exercise "mimetics'': Ready for prime time? Pharmacol Res. 2016;103:158-66.

9. Lee D, Goldberg AL. SIRT1 protein, by blocking the activities of transcription factors FoxO1 and FoxO3, inhibits muscle atrophy and promotes muscle growth. J Biol Chem. 2013;288(42):30515-26.

10. Dirks AJ, Leeuwenburgh C. Caloric restriction in humans: potential pitfalls and health concerns. Mechanisms of ageing and development. 2006;127(1):1-7.

11. Liu H-W, Kao H-H, Wu C-H. Exercise training upregulates SIRT1 to attenuate inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in kidney and liver of diabetic db/db mice. Nutrition & metabolism. 2019;16(1):1-10.

12. Suwa M, Nakano H, Radak Z, Kumagai S. Endurance exercise increases the SIRT1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha protein expressions in rat skeletal muscle. Metabolism. 2008;57(7):986-98.

13. Dumke CL, Davis JM, Murphy EA, Nieman DC, Carmichael MD, Quindry JC, et al. Successive bouts of cycling stimulates genes associated with mitochondrial biogenesis. European journal of applied physiology. 2009;107(4):419.

14. Huang C-C, Wang T, Tung Y-T, Lin W-T. Effect of exercise training on skeletal muscle SIRT1 and PGC-1α expression levels in rats of different age. International journal of medical sciences. 2016;13(4):260.

15. Palee S, Minta W, Mantor D, Sutham W, Jaiwongkam T, Kerdphoo S, et al. Combination of exercise and calorie restriction exerts greater efficacy on Cardioprotection than monotherapy in obese-insulin resistant rats through the improvement of cardiac calcium regulation. Metabolism. 2019;94:77-87.

16. Wilson JM, Marin PJ, Rhea MR, Wilson SM, Loenneke JP, Anderson JC. Concurrent training: a meta-analysis examining interference of aerobic and resistance exercises. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2012;26(8):2293-307.

17. Baar K. Using molecular biology to maximize concurrent training. Sports Medicine. 2014;44(2):117-25.

18. Roldan M, Agerholm M, Nielsen TS, Consitt LA, Søgaard D, Helge JW, et al. Aerobic and resistance exercise training reverses age‐dependent decline in NAD+ salvage capacity in human skeletal muscle. Physiological reports. 2019;7(12).

19. Cunningham JJ. Body composition as a determinant of energy expenditure: a synthetic review and a proposed general prediction equation. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 1991;54(6):963-9.

20. Riebi. ACSMs Guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, Thenth edition. American College of Sports Medicine. 2018:p150.

21. Penry JT, Wilcox AR, Yun J. Validity and reliability analysis of Cooper's 12-minute run and the multistage shuttle run in healthy adults. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2011;25(3):597-605.

22. Brzycki M. Strength testing—predicting a one-rep max from reps-to-fatigue. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance. 1993;64(1):88-90.

23. Lin Z, Fang D. The Roles of SIRT1 in Cancer. Genes Cancer. 2013;4(3-4):97-104.

24. Kilic U, Gok O, Erenberk U, Dundaroz MR, Torun E, Kucukardali Y, et al. A remarkable age-related increase in SIRT1 protein expression against oxidative stress in elderly: SIRT1 gene variants and longevity in human. PloS one. 2015;10(3):e0117954.

25. Ma L, Niu H, Sha G, Zhang Y, Liu P, Li Y. Serum SIRT1 is Associated with Frailty and Adipokines in Older Adults. The journal of nutrition, health & aging. 2019;23(3):246-50.

26. Salminen A, Kaarniranta K, Kauppinen A. Crosstalk between oxidative stress and SIRT1: impact on the aging process. International journal of molecular sciences. 2013;14(2):3834-59.

27. Civitarese AE, Carling S, Heilbronn LK, Hulver MH, Ukropcova B, Deutsch WA, et al. Calorie restriction increases muscle mitochondrial biogenesis in healthy humans. PLoS med. 2007;4(3):e76.

28. Mansur AP, Roggerio A, Goes MF, Avakian SD, Leal DP, Maranhão RC, et al. Serum concentrations and gene expression of sirtuin 1 in healthy and slightly overweight subjects after caloric restriction or resveratrol supplementation: A randomized trial. International journal of cardiology. 2017;227:788-94.

29. Ma JK, Scribbans TD, Edgett BA, Boyd JC, Simpson CA, Little JP, et al. Extremely low-volume, high-intensity interval training improves exercise capacity and increases mitochondrial protein content in human skeletal muscle. Open Journal of Molecular and Integrative Physiology. 2013;3(04):202.

30. Gurd BJ, Perry CG, Heigenhauser GJ, Spriet LL, Bonen A. High-intensity interval training increases SIRT1 activity in human skeletal muscle. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2010;35(3):350-7.

31. Gurd BJ, Yoshida Y, McFarlan JT, Holloway GP, Moyes CD, Heigenhauser GJ, et al. Nuclear SIRT1 activity, but not protein content, regulates mitochondrial biogenesis in rat and human skeletal muscle. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 2011;301(1):R67-R75.

32. Cheng Y, Takeuchi H, Sonobe Y, Jin S, Wang Y, Horiuchi H, et al. Sirtuin 1 attenuates oxidative stress via upregulation of superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase in astrocytes. Journal of neuroimmunology. 2014;269(1-2):38-43.

33. Rippe C, Lesniewski L, Connell M, LaRocca T, Donato A, Seals D. Short‐term calorie restriction reverses vascular endothelial dysfunction in old mice by increasing nitric oxide and reducing oxidative stress. Aging cell. 2010;9(3):304-12.

34. Wu J, Xia S, Kalionis B, Wan W, Sun T. The role of oxidative stress and inflammation in cardiovascular aging. BioMed research international. 2014;2014.

Journal of Sport Biosciences

The Effect of Two-month Concurrent Training with and without Calorie Restriction on Sirtuin-1 Activity and Content in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Inactive Men

References

References

Volume 12, Issue 3
January 2020
Pages 329-345

The Effect of Two-month Concurrent Training with and without Calorie Restriction on Sirtuin-1 Activity and Content in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Inactive Men

References

References

Volume 12, Issue 3January 2020Pages 329-345

Volume 12, Issue 3
January 2020
Pages 329-345