The Responses of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Cortisol Hormone to a Session of High Intensity Interval Training and the Relationship between Their Serum Levels

Yadegari, Mehdi; Ravasi, Ali Asghar; Choobineh, Siroos

doi:10.22059/jsb.2018.26231.

Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license

Authors

¹ PhD of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, Iran

² . Professor, PhD of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

³ Associate professor, PhD of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22059/jsb.2018.26231.

Abstract

VEGF as the most potent mitogen related to endothelial cells is the main factor in the incidence of angiogenesis process. Thus the aim of the present study was to examine the responses of VEGF and serum cortisol to a session of high intensity interval training and to determine the relationship between their serum levels. 11 non-athlete men (mean age 23.80 years) were selected voluntarily and participated in a session of high intensity interval training. Blood samples were collected before, immediately and 2 hours after the training. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures and Pearson correlation test were used to analyze data. Serum VEGF decreased insignificantly immediately after the training (10.74%) while it increased 2 hours after the training and reached above the rest level (13.20). The serum cortisol decreased immediately and 2 hours after the training and this reduction was significant only in the phase of 2 hours after the training compared with the rest level. There was no significant relationship between VEGF and serum cortisol before, immediately and 2 hours after the training. In general, it can be concluded that a session of high intensity interval training may not have significant effects on serum VEGF levels and on the other hand, it can reduce serum free cortisol hormone.

Keywords

References

1. Suhr F, Brixius K, de Marées M, Bölck B, Kleinöder H, Achtzehn S, et al. Effects of short-term vibration and hypoxia during high-intensity cycling exercise on circulating levels of angiogenic regulators in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2007;103(2):474-83.

2. Limbourg A, Korff T, Napp LC, Schaper W, Drexler H, Limbourg FP. Evaluation of postnatal arteriogenesis and angiogenesis in a mouse model of hind-limb ischemia. Nature protocols. 2009;4(12):1737.

3. Jensen L, Pilegaard H, Neufer PD, Hellsten Y. Effect of acute exercise and exercise training on VEGF splice variants in human skeletal muscle. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 2004;287(2):R397-R402.

4. Leick L, Hellsten Y, Fentz J, Lyngby SS, Wojtaszewski JF, Hidalgo J, et al. PGC-1α mediates exercise-induced skeletal muscle VEGF expression in mice. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2009;297(1):E92-E103.

5. Botelho F, Pina F, Lunet N. VEGF and prostatic cancer: a systematic review. European Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2010;19(5):385-92.

6. Olsson A-K, Dimberg A, Kreuger J, Claesson-Welsh L. VEGF receptor signalling? In control of vascular function. Nature reviews Molecular cell biology. 2006;7(5):359.

7. Van Craenenbroeck EM, Vrints CJ, Haine SE, Vermeulen K, Goovaerts I, Van Tendeloo VF, et al. A maximal exercise bout increases the number of circulating CD34+/KDR+ endothelial progenitor cells in healthy subjects. Relation with lipid profile. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2008;104(4):1006-13.

8. Gu J-W, Gadonski G, Wang J, Makey I, Adair TH. Exercise increases endostatin in circulation of healthy volunteers. BMC physiology. 2004;4(1):2.

9. Dantz D, Bewersdorf J, Fruehwald-Schultes B, Kern W, Jelkmann W, Born J, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor: a novel endocrine defensive response to hypoglycemia. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2002;87(2):835-40.

10. Voss B, Mohr E, Krzywanek H. Effects of Aqua‐Treadmill Exercise on Selected Blood Parameters and on Heart‐Rate Variability of Horses. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 2002;49(3):137-43.

11. Staufenbiel SM, Penninx BW, Spijker AT, Elzinga BM, van Rossum EF. Hair cortisol, stress exposure, and mental health in humans: a systematic review. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013;38(8):1220-35.

12. Del Corral P, Howley ET, Hartsell M, Ashraf M, Younger MS. Metabolic effects of low cortisol during exercise in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology. 1998;84(3):939-47.

13. Rudolph DL, McAuley E. Cortisol and affective responses to exercise. Journal of Sports Sciences. 1998;16(2):121-8.

14. Vigas M, Celko J, Jurankova E, Jezova D, Kvetnansky R. Plasma catecholamines and renin activity in wrestlers following vigorous swimming. Physiological research. 1998;47:191-6.

15. Roy S, Khanna S, Sen CK. Redox regulation of the VEGF signaling path and tissue vascularization: Hydrogen peroxide, the common link between physical exercise and cutaneous wound healing. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 2008;44(2):180-92.

16. Nauck M, Karakiulakis G, Perruchoud AP, Papakonstantinou E, Roth M. Corticosteroids inhibit the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene in human vascular smooth muscle cells. European journal of pharmacology. 1998;341(2-3):309-15.

17. Kraus RM, Stallings III HW, Yeager RC, Gavin TP. Circulating plasma VEGF response to exercise in sedentary and endurance-trained men. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2004;96(4):1445-50.

18. Glaister M, Hauck H, Abraham CS, Merry KL, Beaver D, Woods B, et al. Familiarization, reliability, and comparability of a 40-m maximal shuttle run test. Journal of sports science & medicine. 2009;8(1):77.

19. Danzig V, Mikova B, Kuchynka P, Benakova H, Zima T, Kittnar O, et al. Levels of circulating biomarkers at rest and after exercise in coronary artery disease patients. Physiological research. 2010;59(3):385.

20. Wu G, Rana JS, Wykrzykowska J, Du Z, Ke Q, Kang P, et al. Exercise-induced expression of VEGF and salvation of myocardium in the early stage of myocardial infarction. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 2009;296(2):H389-H95.

21. Shen M, Gao J, Li J, Su J. Effect of ischaemic exercise training of a normal limb on angiogenesis of a pathological ischaemic limb in rabbits. Clinical science. 2009;117(5):201-8.

22. Lang K, Ratke J. Leptin and Adiponectin: new players in the field of tumor cell and leukocyte migration. Cell Communication and Signaling. 2009;7(1):27.

23. Wood RE, Sanderson BE, Askew CD, Walker PJ, Green S, Stewart IB. Effect of training on the response of plasma vascular endothelial growth factor to exercise in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Clinical science. 2006;111(6):401-9.

24. Ribatti D, Conconi MT, Nussdorfer GG. Nonclassic endogenous novel regulators of angiogenesis. Pharmacological Reviews. 2007;59(2):185-205.

25. Shapiro B, Borer KT, Fig LM, Vinik AI. Exercise-induced hyperphagia in the hamster is associated with elevated plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity. Regulatory peptides. 1987;18(2):85-92.

26. Höffner L, Nielsen JJ, Langberg H, Hellsten Y. Exercise but not prostanoids enhance levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and other proliferative agents in human skeletal muscle interstitium. The Journal of physiology. 2003;550(1):217-25.

27. Haas TL. Molecular control of capillary growth in skeletal muscle. Canadian journal of applied physiology. 2002;27(5):491-515.

28. Howlett T. Hormonal responses to exercise and training: a short review. Clinical endocrinology. 1987;26(6):723-42.

29. Bartels M, Van den Berg M, Sluyter F, Boomsma D, de Geus EJ. Heritability of cortisol levels: review and simultaneous analysis of twin studies. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2003;28(2):121-37.

30. Sakayama K, Mashima N, Kidani T, Miyazaki T, Yamamoto H, Masuno H. Effect of cortisol on cell proliferation and the expression of lipoprotein lipase and vascular endothelial growth factor in a human osteosarcoma cell line. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology. 2008;61(3):471-9.

31. Gao T, Lin Z, Jin X. Hydrocortisone suppression of the expression of VEGF may relate to toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and 4. Current eye research. 2009;34(9):777-84.

Journal of Sport Biosciences

The Responses of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Cortisol Hormone to a Session of High Intensity Interval Training and the Relationship between Their Serum Levels

References

References

Volume 10, Issue 4
March 2019
Pages 393-406

The Responses of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Cortisol Hormone to a Session of High Intensity Interval Training and the Relationship between Their Serum Levels

References

References

Volume 10, Issue 4March 2019Pages 393-406

Volume 10, Issue 4
March 2019
Pages 393-406