University of TehranJournal of Sport Biosciences2008-932510120180522Effect of 4 Weeks High Intensity Interval Training on Gene Expression of Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Channels (RyR2), SERCA2a and Phospholamban in dDiabetic Rat’s HeartEffect of 4 Weeks High Intensity Interval Training on Gene Expression of Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Channels (RyR2), SERCA2a and Phospholamban in dDiabetic Rat’s Heart1126697010.22059/jsb.2018.122543.915FAMohammad RezaIzadi. Ph.D. Student of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IranAbbas AliGaeiniProfessor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-8679-0669Ali AsgharRavasiprofessor Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran,Iran.MaryamDelfanAssistant Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20150325Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the most important complications of diabetes and is one of the major causes of death in diabetic patients. DCM at the molecular level is rooted in down regulation of expression or activity of those various proteins involved in maintenance or regulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 4 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on gene expression of calcium channel of ryanodine receptors (RyR2), SERCA2a and phospholamban (PLB) in the heart of diabetic male rats. In this experimental study, 24 male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: sedentary control and HIIT. Diabetes was induced in both groups by intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) solution. 24 hours after the last training session, the rats were euthanized and their left ventricle was extracted. Real Time-PCR technique was used to determine the gene expression of RyR2, SERCA2a and PLB. To compare the two groups, independent t test was used at alpha level of 0.05. The results revealed that 4 weeks of HIIT significantly increased gene expression of RyR2 in the left ventricle of the heart of HIIT group (<em>P</em>=0.03). Although gene expression of SERCA2a and phospholamban increased, they were not significantly different. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that 4 weeks of HIIT could prevent and minimize the maladjustments in these 2 proteins affecting cycle of cardiac contraction and reduce the risk of diabetic cardiomyopathy through increased RyR2 gene expression in the heart of diabetic rats.Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the most important complications of diabetes and is one of the major causes of death in diabetic patients. DCM at the molecular level is rooted in down regulation of expression or activity of those various proteins involved in maintenance or regulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 4 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on gene expression of calcium channel of ryanodine receptors (RyR2), SERCA2a and phospholamban (PLB) in the heart of diabetic male rats. In this experimental study, 24 male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: sedentary control and HIIT. Diabetes was induced in both groups by intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) solution. 24 hours after the last training session, the rats were euthanized and their left ventricle was extracted. Real Time-PCR technique was used to determine the gene expression of RyR2, SERCA2a and PLB. To compare the two groups, independent t test was used at alpha level of 0.05. The results revealed that 4 weeks of HIIT significantly increased gene expression of RyR2 in the left ventricle of the heart of HIIT group (<em>P</em>=0.03). Although gene expression of SERCA2a and phospholamban increased, they were not significantly different. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that 4 weeks of HIIT could prevent and minimize the maladjustments in these 2 proteins affecting cycle of cardiac contraction and reduce the risk of diabetic cardiomyopathy through increased RyR2 gene expression in the heart of diabetic rats.University of TehranJournal of Sport Biosciences2008-932510120180522Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 and the Plmonary Vascular Volume Tracking, after 6 Weeks of High-Intensity Interval TrainingVascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 and the Plmonary Vascular Volume Tracking, after 6 Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training13246698910.22059/jsb.2018.200362.1044FAShadmehrMirdarProfessor, PhD of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran0000-0003-3075-1529GholamrezaHamidiyanAssistant Professor, PhD of Comparative Histology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran0000-0002-8200-7243MehdiYadegari. PhD of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, IranJournal Article20160208VEGF-2 has most potent angiogenic signaling associated with VEGF that So far,no has been published research in relation to the effect of exercise training on the vascular volume and it, in the lung . therefore, present study aim was investigate the effect of an high-intensity interval training period on VEGFR-2 expression and pulmonary vascular volume in male Wistar rats. This research including the experimental studies that samples its had formed 10 male Wistar rats,that to form of Randomly and equally were divided into training and control groups. Training program Was started with 25 meters per minute and with 70 meters per minute was Finished at the end of the period. In each training session, rats completed the 1-min activity with 10 repetition and work to rest ratio was 1:2. In the end, lung tissue extracted for stereologicaly and Immunohistochemistry tests. Statistical analysis whit Independent t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficient showed, significantly increase in VEGFR-2(sig: 0/001) and pulmonary vascular volume(sig: 0/042) in the exercise group compared to the control group, and positive correlation between changes in these two indicators whit exercise(sig: 0/035). In general it seems that 6 weeks of high-intensity interval training has potential to promote of lung angiogenic processes.VEGF-2 has most potent angiogenic signaling associated with VEGF that So far,no has been published research in relation to the effect of exercise training on the vascular volume and it, in the lung . therefore, present study aim was investigate the effect of an high-intensity interval training period on VEGFR-2 expression and pulmonary vascular volume in male Wistar rats. This research including the experimental studies that samples its had formed 10 male Wistar rats,that to form of Randomly and equally were divided into training and control groups. Training program Was started with 25 meters per minute and with 70 meters per minute was Finished at the end of the period. In each training session, rats completed the 1-min activity with 10 repetition and work to rest ratio was 1:2. In the end, lung tissue extracted for stereologicaly and Immunohistochemistry tests. Statistical analysis whit Independent t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficient showed, significantly increase in VEGFR-2(sig: 0/001) and pulmonary vascular volume(sig: 0/042) in the exercise group compared to the control group, and positive correlation between changes in these two indicators whit exercise(sig: 0/035). In general it seems that 6 weeks of high-intensity interval training has potential to promote of lung angiogenic processes.University of TehranJournal of Sport Biosciences2008-932510120180522The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training on the Expression of the Muscle Myonectin Llevels and Insulin rResistance Index in Adult Male Wistar RatsThe Effect of High Intensity Interval Training on the Expression of the Muscle Myonectin Llevels and Insulin rResistance Index in Adult Male Wistar Rats25386699010.22059/jsb.2018.220341.1125FAHamedBarzegarPhD of Exercise Physiology, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranRahmanSooriAssociate Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranAliAkbarnezhadAssistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-0154-351XZohreMazaheriAssistant Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Shahrood, Shahrood, IranFatemehShabkhizAssociate Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-1183-9517Journal Article20161119The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of four weeks of high intensity interval training on muscle myonectin gene expression and insulin resistance index, in the male adult rats. Fourteen Wistar rats (age: eight weeks) were divided into two groups: (1) interval training and (2) control groups. Animals in exercise groups received 4-wk interval training (five sessions per week) that included running on a treadmill and at the same time, the control group did not have any training. The soleus muscle homogenates and the expression of myonectin genes were measured by Real-time PCR analysis. The ELISA method for measuring insulin resistance index. The data were analyzed by Independent t-test. Statistical differences were considered significant at PThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of four weeks of high intensity interval training on muscle myonectin gene expression and insulin resistance index, in the male adult rats. Fourteen Wistar rats (age: eight weeks) were divided into two groups: (1) interval training and (2) control groups. Animals in exercise groups received 4-wk interval training (five sessions per week) that included running on a treadmill and at the same time, the control group did not have any training. The soleus muscle homogenates and the expression of myonectin genes were measured by Real-time PCR analysis. The ELISA method for measuring insulin resistance index. The data were analyzed by Independent t-test. Statistical differences were considered significant at PUniversity of TehranJournal of Sport Biosciences2008-932510120180522The Effect of 14 Weeks Aerobic Exercise on Resveratrol Supplementation on Protein UCP-1, SIRT1, PGC-1α in Liver Tissue, Subcutaneous and Visceral Fat Tissue in Male Wistar RatsThe Effect of 14 Weeks Aerobic Exercise on Resveratrol Supplementation on Protein UCP-1, SIRT1, PGC-1α in Liver Tissue, Subcutaneous and Visceral Fat Tissue in Male Wistar Rats39586699610.22059/jsb.2018.227987.1151FAHadiZahedi.PhD Student of Sport Biochemistry and Metabolism, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran BranchMaqsoodPirieeMehdiHedayatiAssociate Professor of Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, TehranJournal Article20170218The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of resveratrol supplementation and Aerobic training on protein levels of SIRT-1, PGC-1α and UCP-1 liver tissue and abdominal & inguinal subcutaneous adipose tissue in adult male Wistar rats. In this study, 28 male rat (w=260+10gr, 8 weeks) divided into 4 (n=8) groups: control (C), aerobic training (T), complement-training (T-R) and supplements (S) randomly. Training groups exercised for 14 weeks (5 sessions a week, each session 45 minutes on a treadmill. ELISA (sandwich double) was used to measure tissue proteins UCP-1, SIRT1, PGC-1α. ANOVA test used for data analysis and statistical significance (p≤0.05) were considered. SIRT1 and PGC-1α protein was observed changes in liver tissue and subcutaneous / visceral white adipose tissue, respectively (P≤0.05) and (P≤0.001). Increased protein UCP-1 is also measured in tissues-workout supplement after supplement in combination with aerobic activity (P≤0.001). According to our results, are likely to impact more powerful, resveratrol supplementation with aerobic physical activity increases the amount of UCP-1, SIRT1, PGC-1α tissue to separate than from physical activity or resveratrol supplements, And is likely to Improved liver function and change subcutaneous white adipose tissue to beige or intermediate phenotype.The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of resveratrol supplementation and Aerobic training on protein levels of SIRT-1, PGC-1α and UCP-1 liver tissue and abdominal & inguinal subcutaneous adipose tissue in adult male Wistar rats. In this study, 28 male rat (w=260+10gr, 8 weeks) divided into 4 (n=8) groups: control (C), aerobic training (T), complement-training (T-R) and supplements (S) randomly. Training groups exercised for 14 weeks (5 sessions a week, each session 45 minutes on a treadmill. ELISA (sandwich double) was used to measure tissue proteins UCP-1, SIRT1, PGC-1α. ANOVA test used for data analysis and statistical significance (p≤0.05) were considered. SIRT1 and PGC-1α protein was observed changes in liver tissue and subcutaneous / visceral white adipose tissue, respectively (P≤0.05) and (P≤0.001). Increased protein UCP-1 is also measured in tissues-workout supplement after supplement in combination with aerobic activity (P≤0.001). According to our results, are likely to impact more powerful, resveratrol supplementation with aerobic physical activity increases the amount of UCP-1, SIRT1, PGC-1α tissue to separate than from physical activity or resveratrol supplements, And is likely to Improved liver function and change subcutaneous white adipose tissue to beige or intermediate phenotype.University of TehranJournal of Sport Biosciences2008-932510120200218A Comparison of Sympathetic Neural and Endothelial Vasoreactivity of Brachial Artery in Elite Weightlifters with a Sedentary Age-Matched Control GroupA Comparison of Sympathetic Neural and Endothelial Vasoreactivity of Brachial Artery in Elite Weightlifters with a Sedentary Age-Matched Control Group59757505010.22059/jsb.2018.240341.1202FAMahdiKhorshidi-HosseiniAssistant Professor, Department of physical education and sport sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran.LotfaliBoboliAssociated Professor, Department of physical education and sport sciences, Faculty of education sciences and psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, IranSalimVahediAssistant Professor, Department of physical education and sport sciences, Faculty of education sciences and psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, IranJournal Article20170918The aim of the present study was to compare the sympathetic neural and<br />endothelial responses of brachial artery to vasodilatory and constrictor<br />stimuli in elite weightlifters and a sedentary age-matched control group. 7<br />elite weightlifters (age 23.5±2.2 yrs) and 8 sedentary healthy subjects (age<br />24.3±2.12 yrs) voluntarily participated in this study. High-resolution<br />Doppler ultrasound was used to determine brachial artery diameters at rest,<br />following 5 minutes of forearm occlusion [Flow Mediated Dilation (FMD)]<br />and during acute sympathetic stimulation [cold pressure test (CPT)].<br />Vasoreactivity responses were calculated from the vasodilatory and<br />constrictor peak changes in artery diameter. The acquired data were analyzed<br />using independent t test and repeated measures method at P≤0.05. Brachial<br />artery diameters in baseline [mean differences, 0.5 mm (P=0.001)], peak<br />vasodilation [mean differences, 0.57 mm (P=0.002)] and peak constriction<br />[mean differences, 0.498 mm (P=0.003)] were significantly greater in<br />weightlifters than control group. However, no significant difference was<br />observed in %FMD, %CPT and vascular operating range (VOR) between<br />weightlifters and age-matched control group (P≤0.05). The present study<br />indicated that the function of brachial artery is not necessarily enhanced in<br />elite weightlifters. However, elite weightlifters had larger brachial artery<br />diameter than age-matched healthy control subjects.The aim of the present study was to compare the sympathetic neural and<br />endothelial responses of brachial artery to vasodilatory and constrictor<br />stimuli in elite weightlifters and a sedentary age-matched control group. 7<br />elite weightlifters (age 23.5±2.2 yrs) and 8 sedentary healthy subjects (age<br />24.3±2.12 yrs) voluntarily participated in this study. High-resolution<br />Doppler ultrasound was used to determine brachial artery diameters at rest,<br />following 5 minutes of forearm occlusion [Flow Mediated Dilation (FMD)]<br />and during acute sympathetic stimulation [cold pressure test (CPT)].<br />Vasoreactivity responses were calculated from the vasodilatory and<br />constrictor peak changes in artery diameter. The acquired data were analyzed<br />using independent t test and repeated measures method at P≤0.05. Brachial<br />artery diameters in baseline [mean differences, 0.5 mm (P=0.001)], peak<br />vasodilation [mean differences, 0.57 mm (P=0.002)] and peak constriction<br />[mean differences, 0.498 mm (P=0.003)] were significantly greater in<br />weightlifters than control group. However, no significant difference was<br />observed in %FMD, %CPT and vascular operating range (VOR) between<br />weightlifters and age-matched control group (P≤0.05). The present study<br />indicated that the function of brachial artery is not necessarily enhanced in<br />elite weightlifters. However, elite weightlifters had larger brachial artery<br />diameter than age-matched healthy control subjects.University of TehranJournal of Sport Biosciences2008-932510120180522Adjuvant Effect of Short Term Endurance Training on Regulatory T Cells in HSV-1 Vaccine and Its BoostersAdjuvant Effect of Short Term Endurance Training on Regulatory T Cells in HSV-1 Vaccine and Its Boosters77856702410.22059/jsb.2018.214217.1104FAMahdiyehMolanouri. Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranAfsaneh JamaliJamaliMSc Student of Exercise Physiology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran yMehdiMahdaviAssistant Professor, Medical Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IranJournal Article20160809Introduction: The herpes simplex viruses (HSV) cause a variety of clinical illnesses that are painful and often distressing. To control the infection, the development of an effective vaccine that prevents or reduces the primary and recurrent infections would be of great significance. Chronic and acute exercise training were used as a vaccine adjuvant in some studies. The purpose of this study was to assess adjuvant effects of short term endurance exercise training on regulatory T cells in HSV-1 vaccine model. Methods & Materials: 24 BALB/C mice were divide into 3 groups: control, vaccine and vaccine plus short term endurance exercise training. TGF-β levels as index of reglulatory T cells activation were determined in spleen cell culture with ELISA method. One-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Results: The result of this study indicated that there are significant differences between group in reglulatory T cells activation (P<0.05). Tukey post-hoc test results showed significant differences between control and vaccine groups with vaccine plus short term endurance exercise training group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Results of current study showed that reglulatory T cells activation increased following using short term endurance exercise training as an adjuvant. These results suggested that coupling short term moderate exercise training with vaccination may enhance vaccine efficacy. Further studies are in order to determine effects of different kind of exercise as an adjuvant in different types of vaccine can be considerate.Introduction: The herpes simplex viruses (HSV) cause a variety of clinical illnesses that are painful and often distressing. To control the infection, the development of an effective vaccine that prevents or reduces the primary and recurrent infections would be of great significance. Chronic and acute exercise training were used as a vaccine adjuvant in some studies. The purpose of this study was to assess adjuvant effects of short term endurance exercise training on regulatory T cells in HSV-1 vaccine model. Methods & Materials: 24 BALB/C mice were divide into 3 groups: control, vaccine and vaccine plus short term endurance exercise training. TGF-β levels as index of reglulatory T cells activation were determined in spleen cell culture with ELISA method. One-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Results: The result of this study indicated that there are significant differences between group in reglulatory T cells activation (P<0.05). Tukey post-hoc test results showed significant differences between control and vaccine groups with vaccine plus short term endurance exercise training group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Results of current study showed that reglulatory T cells activation increased following using short term endurance exercise training as an adjuvant. These results suggested that coupling short term moderate exercise training with vaccination may enhance vaccine efficacy. Further studies are in order to determine effects of different kind of exercise as an adjuvant in different types of vaccine can be considerate.University of TehranJournal of Sport Biosciences2008-932510120180529The Effect of Vitamin D Consumption during Progressive Resistance Training on Malondialdehyde and Creatine Kinase Changes in Untrained MenThe Effect of Vitamin D Consumption during Progressive Resistance Training on Malondialdehyde and Creatine Kinase Changes in Untrained Men871016703010.22059/jsb.2018.67030FAFardinKalvandi. Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, IranKamalAziz Bagi. Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, IranMohamad AliAzarbayjani. Professor of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology, Tehran Central Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-7316-0369MohammadAbdiAssistant Professor of Biochemistry, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, IranJournal Article20171028Resistance exercises increase oxidative stress and muscle damage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of vitamin D on MDA and CK changes during 8 weeks of progressive resistance training. 40 male subjects (age range 20-25 years) participated in the study voluntarily and were randomly assigned to 4 groups: vitamin D-resistance training (RTD; n=10), placebo-resistance training (RTP; n=10), vitamin D (VD; n=10) and control (con; n=10). Progressive resistance training was performed 3 sessions a week, every other day for 8 weeks with eight movements and increased intensity. Subjects in RTD and VD groups consumed a 50000-IU capsule of vitamin D every two weeks. Blood samples were gathered before and after the training period. Plasma was used to assess CK activity and MDA concentration. Results showed no significant difference among the groups in CK (P˃0.05). However, it was observed that MDA changes in group x time interaction was significant (P=0.001), that is to say MDA concentration significantly decreased in RTD group compared with VD (P=0.017) and control (P=0.034) groups. Also, MDA concentration was significantly lower in RTP than VD in the posttest (P=0.045). However, there was no significant difference between RTD and RTP. Finally, it can be said that the combination of resistance training and vitamin D can decrease lipid peroxidation. However, it seems that resistance training role is very important in this regard.Resistance exercises increase oxidative stress and muscle damage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of vitamin D on MDA and CK changes during 8 weeks of progressive resistance training. 40 male subjects (age range 20-25 years) participated in the study voluntarily and were randomly assigned to 4 groups: vitamin D-resistance training (RTD; n=10), placebo-resistance training (RTP; n=10), vitamin D (VD; n=10) and control (con; n=10). Progressive resistance training was performed 3 sessions a week, every other day for 8 weeks with eight movements and increased intensity. Subjects in RTD and VD groups consumed a 50000-IU capsule of vitamin D every two weeks. Blood samples were gathered before and after the training period. Plasma was used to assess CK activity and MDA concentration. Results showed no significant difference among the groups in CK (P˃0.05). However, it was observed that MDA changes in group x time interaction was significant (P=0.001), that is to say MDA concentration significantly decreased in RTD group compared with VD (P=0.017) and control (P=0.034) groups. Also, MDA concentration was significantly lower in RTP than VD in the posttest (P=0.045). However, there was no significant difference between RTD and RTP. Finally, it can be said that the combination of resistance training and vitamin D can decrease lipid peroxidation. However, it seems that resistance training role is very important in this regard.University of TehranJournal of Sport Biosciences2008-932510120180522Effect of Unsaturated-High-Fat-Diet and Aerobic Training Program on Serum levels of Adiponectin Isoforms, Insulin Resistance and Lipid Profile in Male obese RatsEffect of Unsaturated-High-Fat-Diet and Aerobic Training Program on Serum levels of Adiponectin Isoforms, Insulin Resistance and Lipid Profile in Male obese Rats1031186702610.22059/jsb.2018.250623.1238FAPayamSaidie. Assistant Professor, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran0000-0001-7325-9484HamidMohebbi. Professor, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran0000-0003-1524-9530FarhadRahmani Nia. Professor, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran0000-0002-7021-0065FahimeMohammad GhasemiHistology Department, Medical science University, Guilan university, Rasht, IranJournal Article20180119The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of 10-week aerobic training and unsaturated-high-fat-diet on adiponectin serum in obese male rats. Blood samples were collected of forty-eight wistar male rats (average weight 195±5g, age 8 weeks) at 1st, 18th and 28th weeks after overnight fasting. After first sampling, remaining 40 rats were randomly divided into control (n=16) and high-fat-diet (39% of energy content from unsaturated-fat) (n=24). High-fat-diet group randomly divided in to exercise training and high-fat-diet subgroups after 18 weeks. Exercise training group ran for 10 weeks (5d/wk) with intensity equivalent to 70 to 75% of vo2max. Serum levels of total and HMW adiponectin as well as lipid profile and glycemic variables were measured. The results of this study indicate that in comparison to unsaturated-high-fat-diet, aerobic training in unsaturated-high-fat-diet induced obese male rats, increased serum concentration of total adiponectin significantly (P> 0/01). Also insulin resistance index and serum concentrations of insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-C and TG were decreased in aerobic exercise compare to high-fat-diet group (P> 0/05). This study indicates that aerobic training increase serum concentrations of total adiponectin in obese male rats even with simultaneous consumption of unsaturated-high-fat-diet and cause improvement in lipid and metabolic profiles.The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of 10-week aerobic training and unsaturated-high-fat-diet on adiponectin serum in obese male rats. Blood samples were collected of forty-eight wistar male rats (average weight 195±5g, age 8 weeks) at 1st, 18th and 28th weeks after overnight fasting. After first sampling, remaining 40 rats were randomly divided into control (n=16) and high-fat-diet (39% of energy content from unsaturated-fat) (n=24). High-fat-diet group randomly divided in to exercise training and high-fat-diet subgroups after 18 weeks. Exercise training group ran for 10 weeks (5d/wk) with intensity equivalent to 70 to 75% of vo2max. Serum levels of total and HMW adiponectin as well as lipid profile and glycemic variables were measured. The results of this study indicate that in comparison to unsaturated-high-fat-diet, aerobic training in unsaturated-high-fat-diet induced obese male rats, increased serum concentration of total adiponectin significantly (P> 0/01). Also insulin resistance index and serum concentrations of insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-C and TG were decreased in aerobic exercise compare to high-fat-diet group (P> 0/05). This study indicates that aerobic training increase serum concentrations of total adiponectin in obese male rats even with simultaneous consumption of unsaturated-high-fat-diet and cause improvement in lipid and metabolic profiles.University of TehranJournal of Sport Biosciences2008-932510120180522Responses of Serum Levels of Neurotrophic factors to Carbohydrate Consumption during Aerobic Exercise Training in Adolescent Men’s Futsal PlayersResponses of Serum Levels of Neurotrophic factors to Carbohydrate Consumption during Aerobic Exercise Training in Adolescent Men’s Futsal Players1191316702710.22059/jsb.2018.245431.1217FARasoulEslamiAssistant Professor, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, IranVahidValipour DehnouAssociate Professor, Sport Sciences Department, Literature and Human Sciences Faculty, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, IranHeshmatollahAlikarami. MSc of Exercise Physiology, Physical Education Faculty, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, IranJournal Article20180119Neurotrophic factors mediate the effects of physical activity on brain health and function. The aim of study was to study the effect of aerobic exercise in the form of treadmill running with and without carbohydrate supplementation on serum levels of BDNF, NT-3, NT-4 and IGF-1. In this semi-experimental study, 12beginner adolescent men’s futsal players in Khorramabad city (age: 17.13±0.64years; weight: 64.25±10.18kg; height: 172.88±5.59cm) voluntarily selected. Subjects performed 1hour of treadmill running with moderate intensity (60% heart rate reserve) in two sessions with carbohydrate supplementation and placebo, in a randomized cross-over design. Blood samples were obtained before first training session and 5min after training sessions. The serum BDNF, NT-3, NT-4 and IGF-1 concentrations were measured using an ELISA kit. Statistical analysis were performed by repeated measures test and the level of significance was set at p0.05). Also, there was no change in serum levels of IGF-1 (p =.099). One hour of aerobic exercise with moderate intensity with and without carbohydrate supplementation equally leads to increase serum levels of BDNF, NT-3 and NT-4. Therefore, it seems that in order to increase the effects of carbohydrate supplementation on serum levels of neurotrophins, duration/intensity of exercise, or both, or concentration of carbohydrate should be increased.Neurotrophic factors mediate the effects of physical activity on brain health and function. The aim of study was to study the effect of aerobic exercise in the form of treadmill running with and without carbohydrate supplementation on serum levels of BDNF, NT-3, NT-4 and IGF-1. In this semi-experimental study, 12beginner adolescent men’s futsal players in Khorramabad city (age: 17.13±0.64years; weight: 64.25±10.18kg; height: 172.88±5.59cm) voluntarily selected. Subjects performed 1hour of treadmill running with moderate intensity (60% heart rate reserve) in two sessions with carbohydrate supplementation and placebo, in a randomized cross-over design. Blood samples were obtained before first training session and 5min after training sessions. The serum BDNF, NT-3, NT-4 and IGF-1 concentrations were measured using an ELISA kit. Statistical analysis were performed by repeated measures test and the level of significance was set at p0.05). Also, there was no change in serum levels of IGF-1 (p =.099). One hour of aerobic exercise with moderate intensity with and without carbohydrate supplementation equally leads to increase serum levels of BDNF, NT-3 and NT-4. Therefore, it seems that in order to increase the effects of carbohydrate supplementation on serum levels of neurotrophins, duration/intensity of exercise, or both, or concentration of carbohydrate should be increased.University of TehranJournal of Sport Biosciences2008-932510120180522Effect of High Intensity Aerobic Exercise Training and Arginine supplementation on Hormonal Changes in Leptin and Agouti-Related Protein (AGRP) in Obese Adolescent BoysEffect of High Intensity Aerobic Exercise Training and Arginine supplementation on Hormonal Changes in Leptin and Agouti-Related Protein (AGRP) in Obese Adolescent Boys1331486702810.22059/jsb.2018.251573.1244FATohidMabhout MoghadamPh.D. Student of Biochemistry and Sport Metabolism, Department of Exercise Physiology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IranMehrdadFatheiAssociate Professor-Ferdowsi University of MashhadRezaAttarzadehassisstant professorAmirRashid LamirAssociate Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran0000-0001-6180-8554MohamadMosaferiProfessor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20180130Abstract<br />There is low information about the effects of high intensity aerobic exercise training (HIT) and the use of supplementation of arginine on appetite regulating hormones, along with nutritional control in obese adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks of HIT and supplementation of arginine on hormonal changes in leptin and agouti-related protein (AGRP) in obese adolescent boys. In isoenergetic conditions, 20 obese adolescents were according to aerobic power divided into two groups including: 1) HIT and placebo (C, n=10) and HIT with supplementation of arginine (T, n=10).Before Intervention exercise Protocol and 48 hours after the last exercise session, levels of appetite regulating hormones were measured in blood. For Investigation the differences between intra-and intergroup, Independent and independent Student was used. The results intra-and intergroup showed that there was no significant difference between leptin, AGRP compared to baseline levels among and between in C and T groups (P ≥0.05). Conclusion: Both exercise and supplement- exercises have different effects on the regulation of appetite in obese adolescent boys. However, the results of these works may not be palpable in some indices.Abstract<br />There is low information about the effects of high intensity aerobic exercise training (HIT) and the use of supplementation of arginine on appetite regulating hormones, along with nutritional control in obese adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks of HIT and supplementation of arginine on hormonal changes in leptin and agouti-related protein (AGRP) in obese adolescent boys. In isoenergetic conditions, 20 obese adolescents were according to aerobic power divided into two groups including: 1) HIT and placebo (C, n=10) and HIT with supplementation of arginine (T, n=10).Before Intervention exercise Protocol and 48 hours after the last exercise session, levels of appetite regulating hormones were measured in blood. For Investigation the differences between intra-and intergroup, Independent and independent Student was used. The results intra-and intergroup showed that there was no significant difference between leptin, AGRP compared to baseline levels among and between in C and T groups (P ≥0.05). Conclusion: Both exercise and supplement- exercises have different effects on the regulation of appetite in obese adolescent boys. However, the results of these works may not be palpable in some indices.