دانشگاه تهران نشریه علوم زیستی ورزشی 2008-9325 15 1 2023 04 25 The Effect of Twelve-Week Concurrent Training on the Regulation of Inflammatory Markers in Postmenopausal Women Prone to Breast Cancer تأثیر دوازده هفته تمرینات ترکیبی بر تنظیم نشانگرهای التهابی زنان یائسۀ مستعد سرطان سینه 37 54 92657 10.22059/jsb.2023.352805.1565 FA وحید ساری صراف نویسندۀ مسؤول، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. 0000-0001-8452-7966 جواد وکیلی گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. 0000-0002-7100-8961 مریم حیدریان گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. 0000-0002-6260-100X Journal Article 2022 12 22 Introduction: The present study aimed to determine the effect of 12-week concurrent training on gene expression of some pro-inflammatory cytokines and to evaluate hormone levels of obese postmenopausal women. Methods: In this quasi-experimental research, 30 sedentary and obese PW were recruited and randomly divided into Concurrent Training (CT, n=15) and Control (CG, n=15) groups. Participants of the experimental group took part in 12-week supervised intervention training for five days a week, including two sessions of 60-minute resistance training and three sessions of 30-minute aerobic training. Blood samples were taken from the volunteers to measure estradiol, free estradiol, and mRNA expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Quantitative gene expression was evaluated using the 2-∆∆ct method and REST software. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check the normal distribution of the data, and repeated measurements analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used to compare the groups at a significance level of α=0.05. Results: In response to the training protocol, the CT group experienced a reduction in fat mass (-9.6%; P<0.05) and an increase in lean body mass (2.4%; P<0.05). The Circulating levels of free Estradiol (−10.70%; P<0.05), and levels of gene expression of IL-6 (P=0.03) and TNF-α (P=0.000) significantly decreased in the CT group compared with the CG group. But there was no significant difference in Estradiol in the CT group compared with the CG group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The concurrent training and exercise-induced fat mass loss seem to modify the sex hormones profile and levels of gene expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in ‌PW Prone to breast cancer. Thus, this study provides ‌additional evidence of the intricate interaction of inflammatory markers, adipose tissue, and muscle ‌mass in PW Prone to breast cancer.‌ Introduction: The present study aimed to determine the effect of 12-week concurrent training on gene expression of some pro-inflammatory cytokines and to evaluate hormone levels of obese postmenopausal women. Methods: In this quasi-experimental research, 30 sedentary and obese PW were recruited and randomly divided into Concurrent Training (CT, n=15) and Control (CG, n=15) groups. Participants of the experimental group took part in 12-week supervised intervention training for five days a week, including two sessions of 60-minute resistance training and three sessions of 30-minute aerobic training. Blood samples were taken from the volunteers to measure estradiol, free estradiol, and mRNA expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Quantitative gene expression was evaluated using the 2-∆∆ct method and REST software. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check the normal distribution of the data, and repeated measurements analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used to compare the groups at a significance level of α=0.05. Results: In response to the training protocol, the CT group experienced a reduction in fat mass (-9.6%; P<0.05) and an increase in lean body mass (2.4%; P<0.05). The Circulating levels of free Estradiol (−10.70%; P<0.05), and levels of gene expression of IL-6 (P=0.03) and TNF-α (P=0.000) significantly decreased in the CT group compared with the CG group. But there was no significant difference in Estradiol in the CT group compared with the CG group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The concurrent training and exercise-induced fat mass loss seem to modify the sex hormones profile and levels of gene expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in ‌PW Prone to breast cancer. Thus, this study provides ‌additional evidence of the intricate interaction of inflammatory markers, adipose tissue, and muscle ‌mass in PW Prone to breast cancer.‌ Introduction: The present study aimed to determine the effect of 12-week concurrent training on gene expression of some pro-inflammatory cytokines and to evaluate hormone levels of obese postmenopausal women. Methods: In this quasi-experimental research, 30 sedentary and obese PW were recruited and randomly divided into Concurrent Training (CT, n=15) and Control (CG, n=15) groups. Participants of the experimental group took part in 12-week supervised intervention training for five days a week, including two sessions of 60-minute resistance training and three sessions of 30-minute aerobic training. Blood samples were taken from the volunteers to measure estradiol, free estradiol, and mRNA expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Quantitative gene expression was evaluated using the 2-∆∆ct method and REST software. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check the normal distribution of the data, and repeated measurements analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used to compare the groups at a significance level of α=0.05. Results: In response to the training protocol, the CT group experienced a reduction in fat mass (-9.6%; P<0.05) and an increase in lean body mass (2.4%; P<0.05). The Circulating levels of free Estradiol (−10.70%; P<0.05), and levels of gene expression of IL-6 (P=0.03) and TNF-α (P=0.000) significantly decreased in the CT group compared with the CG group. But there was no significant difference in Estradiol in the CT group compared with the CG group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The concurrent training and exercise-induced fat mass loss seem to modify the sex hormones profile and levels of gene expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in ‌PW Prone to breast cancer. Thus, this study provides ‌additional evidence of the intricate interaction of inflammatory markers, adipose tissue, and muscle ‌mass in PW Prone to breast cancer.‌ مقدمه: هدف از پژوهش حاضر تعیین اثر تمرین ترکیبی بر بیان ژن برخی از سایتوکاین‌های پیش‌التهابی و ارزیابی سطوح هورمونی در زنان یائسۀ چاق است. روش پژوهش: در این تحقیق نیمه‌تجربی 30 زن یائسۀ کم‌تحرک و چاق انتخاب شده و به‌طور تصادفی به دو گروه تجربی (15 نفر) و گروه کنترل (15 نفر) تقسیم شدند. گروه تجربی به مدت 12 هفته، پنج روز در هفته، شامل دو جلسه تمرین مقاومتی به مدت 60 دقیقه و 3 جلسه تمرین هوازی به مدت 30 دقیقه، شرکت کردند. پیش و پس از مداخله، نمونۀ خون برای ارزیابی استرادیول، استرادیول آزاد و میزان بیان mRNA ژن‌های اینترلوکین-6 (IL-6) و تومور نکروزدهندۀ آلفا (TNF-α) از داوطلبان اخذ شد. بیان کمی ژن با استفاده از روش 2-∆∆ct و از طریق نرم‌افزار REST ارزیابی شد. از آزمون شاپیروویلک برای بررسی توزیع طبیعی داده‌ها و از تحلیل واریانس در اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر برای مقایسة گروه‌ها در سطح معناداری α<0.05  استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: در پاسخ به پروتکل تمرینی، کاهش در‌ تودۀ چربی (6/9- درصد) و افزایش تودۀ بدون چربی (2/4+ درصد) در گروه تجربی مشاهده شد. سطوح استرادیول آزاد (10/70- درصد ) و میزان بیان ژن IL-6 ( P=0.003) و TNF-α (P=0.000) کاهش معناداری در گروه تجربی نسبت به گروه کنترل داشت. اما تفاوت معناداری در استرادیول برای گروه تجربی وجود نداشت (P<0.05). نتیجه‌گیری: به‌نظر می‌رسد تمرین ترکیبی و کاهش تودۀ چربی ناشی از فعالیت، پروفایل هورمون‌های جنسی و میزان بیان ژن IL-6 و TNF-α را در زنان یائسۀ مستعد BC تغییر می‌دهد. بنابراین این تحقیق شواهد بیشتری از تعامل پیچیدۀ بین نشانگرهای التهابی، بافت چربی و تودۀ عضلانی را در این گروه از زنان ارائه می‌کند. https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_92657_4855c708e4c8b337c7e14217be04b61f.pdf