University of Tehran
Journal of Sport Biosciences
2008-9325
2676-4148
9
2
2017
08
23
The Effect of Two Types of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on Oxidation of Fat and Carbohydrate in Young Overweight Men
157
169
FA
Mahdi
Gholizadeh
Ph.D. Student of Biochemistry and Exercise Metabolism, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
m.qolizadeh66@gmail.com
Mohammad Reza
Kordi
0000-0002-7917-5529
Associate Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
mrkordi@ut.ac.ir
Ali
Akbarnejad
0000-0003-0154-351X
Associate Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
aakbarnejad@ut.ac.ir
Alireza
Ghardashi Afousi
PhD Student of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
alireza.ghardashi@yahoo.com
Sajjad
Mohammadyari
Ph.D. Student of Cardiovascular and Exercise Pulmonary, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
)Received:2014/1/8;Accepted:2014/9/13)
mohammadyari@gmail.com
10.22059/jsb.2017.41874.659
<br />The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on fat and carbohydrate oxidation in overweight young men. 16 young sedentary overweight men participated voluntarily in this study and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups: HIIT-1 (BMI=26.54±2.6) and HIIT-2 (BMI=26.32±2.29). HIIT-1 included 3 sessions a week with four 1-min. intervals, and 4 min. of rest and HIIT-2 included four 30-sec. intervals with 2 min. of rest. Respiratory gasses were collected one day before and after the training in a fasting state for laboratory analysis. Independent t test was used to analyze intergroup changes while dependent t test was applied for intra-group analysis. The results showed that HIIT decreased 9% of carbohydrate consumption and increased 43% of fat consumption, when Bruce test was conducted in HIIT-1. These changes were significant compared with HIIT-2. The changes of weight and body fat percentage were significant only in the HIIT-1. According to these results, 6 sessions of HIIT relatively improved fat oxidation and glycogen storage.
carbohydrate oxidation,Fat oxidation,high intensity interval training,overweight young men
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63300.html
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63300_aa6caee993ad287e6ba61311e26bd756.pdf
University of Tehran
Journal of Sport Biosciences
2008-9325
2676-4148
9
2
2017
08
23
The Effect of Different Modes of Training on Plasma Levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in Male Mature Wistar Rats
171
181
FA
Hamed
Barzegar
PhD of Exercise Physiology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
h.barzegar@ut.ac.ir
Elham
Vosadi
0000-0003-3040-4826
PhD of Exercise Physiology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
e.vosadi@yahoo.com
Mahboobeh
Borjian Fard
PhD Student of Exercise Physiology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
mbborjian@gmail.com
10.22059/jsb.2017.98145.726
The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effect of different modes of exercise training on IL-6 and IL-10 and weight control in adult male rats. In this experimental-trail, 40 Wistar rats were divided into five groups: (1) Sedentary (Sed), (2) Endurance Training (ET), (3) High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), Sprint Training (ST), Incline Treadmill Workout (ITW); Sed group was regarded as control. ET group received 8-wk Mild-intensity endurance exercise. The exercise schedule of HIIT group consisted of high intensity interval training for 8 weeks (with Active recovery). ST group run on treadmill for 8-weeks with high intensity. ITW group ran on the inclined treadmill. IL-6 and IL-10 was assessed using commercial ELISA kits and the data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Statistical differences were considered significant at p
Endurance training,high-intensity interval training,IL-6,IL-10,sprint training
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63437.html
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63437_188ab5ee7bd46e3e76afc34bc47bce3d.pdf
University of Tehran
Journal of Sport Biosciences
2008-9325
2676-4148
9
2
2017
08
23
The Effect of Magnesium Sulfate Supplementation on Fatigue Threshold Electromyography (EMGFT), Lactate and Time to Exhaustion (TTE) following Acute Aerobic Exercise of Exhaustive Treadmill Running in Sedentary Collegiate Men
183
194
FA
Nourmohammad
Delavaribanitak
MSc of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran
delavaribanitak@gmail.com
Zia
Falahmohammadi
0000-0002-9214-0195
Associate Professor of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran
zia-falm@umz.ac.ir
Rozita
Fathi
Associate Professor of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran
roz_fathi@yahoo.com
Mehran
Naghizadeh Ghomi
Assistant Professor of Statistics, Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Mazandaran
m.naghizadeh@umz.ac.ir
Vahid
Talebi
0000-0001-5652-9358
PhD Student of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran
vahidtalebi99@yahoo.com
10.22059/jsb.2017.126275.946
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of magnesium sulfate supplementation on fatigue threshold electromyography (EMG<sub>FT</sub>), lactate and time to exhaustion (TTE) following a session of aerobic exercise (exhaustive treadmill running) in sedentary collegiate men. For this purpose, 16 sedentary male students (mean age: 25.25 ± 1.18 years, height: 176.18 ± 4.75 cm, weight: 79.51 ± 25.65 kg) were randomly divided into supplementary (<em>n</em>=8) and placebo (<em>n</em>=8) groups. Blood samples were collected in four phases: before and immediately after Bruce test in pretest and posttest. Data were analyzed by repeated measures test, covariance analysis and independent and dependent t tests at <em>P</em>=0.05. The results showed that TTE increased (5.44%) in magnesium sulfate group after the supplementation (<em>P</em><0.05). Also, magnesium sulfate supplementation increased the occurrence of EMG<sub>FT</sub> (140%) (<em>P</em><0.05). But the lactate changes were not significant in both groups (<em>P</em>>0.05). The results of this study indicated that the supplementation of magnesium sulfate lowered the slope of muscle EMG<sub>FT</sub> activity following a session of exhaustive treadmill running.
aerobic exercise,fatigue threshold electromyography,magnesium sulfate,time to get exhaustion
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63439.html
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63439_afa7732701ee6f97f94734f3f416e138.pdf
University of Tehran
Journal of Sport Biosciences
2008-9325
2676-4148
9
2
2017
08
23
Short-Term Effect of Two Types of High-Intensity Interval Training on Plasma Level of TNF-α, IL-6, CRP and Lipid Profile of Overweight Women
195
207
FA
mohammad
Shariatzadeh
Assistant Professor, Sport Sciences Research Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
shariatzade221@yahoo.com
Zeynab
Moghadam
M.Sc. of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch
z.moghadam81a@yahoo.com
Leila
Maleki
M.Sc. of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch
leilamaleki_12@yahoo.com
Elham
Keshavarz
M.Sc. of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Sari Branch
e_keshavarz1@yahoo.com
Mehdi
Hedayati
Associate Professor in Biochemistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
hedayati4@yahoo.com
10.22059/jsb.2017.128575.963
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 4 weeks of high-intensity interval training with weight-bearing and non-weight bearing on inflammatory markers of TNF-α, IL-6, CRP and lipid profile as predictive factors of the risk of cardiovascular diseases in overweight women. 16 non-athlete women (age 30 ± 5 yr, weight 75.48 ± 13.11 kg, height 165.50 ± 2.59 cm and body mass index 27.73 ± 4.20 Kg/m<sup>2</sup>) voluntary participated in the study. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups of high-intensity interval training: anaerobic RAST test and Wingate anaerobic test for 4 weeks, 3 sessions per week (between 3 and 6 Wingate test or RAST test each session). 24 hours before and 24 hours after training, blood samples was collected and the results were analyzed with Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, covariance analysis and paired t test at a significance level of <em>P</em><0.05. The results indicated a significant reduction of plasma levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP and an improvement in the lipid profile (excluding HDL-C) in both groups compared with the period before the training (<em>P</em><0.05). However, after 12 sessions of training no significant difference was observed in inflammatory markers and lipid profile between the two group (<em>P</em><0 .05). These findings suggest that even short periods of high-intensity interval training can reduce inflammatory markers associated with cardiovascular diseases although weight-bearing or non-weight bearing types of training do not make a significant difference.
high-intensity interval training,inflammatory markers,RAST test,Wingate test
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63447.html
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63447_7716f6c3dd6bab8e4190ac638c5f33a2.pdf
University of Tehran
Journal of Sport Biosciences
2008-9325
2676-4148
9
2
2017
08
23
The Effect of Cinnamon Extract Supplementation on nAChR Response of Skeletal Muscle in Old Rats to Exhaustive Acute Exercise
209
221
FA
Fataneh
Farahmand
PHD student in neuromuscular Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
fataneh.farahmand69@gmail.com
Maryam
Nourshahi
0000-0002-5064-8599
Associate Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
m-nourshahi@sbu.ac.ir
Mojtaba
Salehpour
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Teacher Training Shahid Rajai, University, Tehran, Iran
salehpour57@gmail.com
Eman
Fathi
Assistant Professor,Department of Physical Education and Sports Science Faculty of Literature and Humanities,Vali-E-Asar University, Rafsanjan, Iran
imanfathi@gmail.com
10.22059/jsb.2017.214821.1107
Supplements containing antioxidants play an important role in improving performance in the elderly. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cinnamon extract supplementation on nicotine acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) after one session of exhaustive exercise in old rats. 32 aged Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: exhaustive exercise, cinnamon extract, cinnamon extract and exhaustive exercise and control. Cinnamon extract and cinnamon extract and exhaustive exercise groups received 200 mg/kg/day of cinnamon extract by intra gastric intubation for 14 days. Exhaustive exercise and cinnamon extract and exhaustive exercise groups firstly ran on a treadmill at the speed of 10 m/min. for warm-up. Then, speed increased by 2 m/min. every 2 minutes to reach 28 m/min. The rats were anesthetized and their SOL and EDL muscles were removed at rest, immediately and after 4 hours. The homogenized and western blot methods were used to identify the changes in variables. Data were analyzed by independent t test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the significance level (<em>P</em>≤0.05). Results showed that nAChR was significantly higher immediately and after 4 hours in SOL muscle in all groups than the control group (<em>P</em><0.05). However, this increase was not significant in EDL muscle (<em>P</em>≥0.05). It seems that cinnamon extract supplementation and endurance exercise might be an appropriate approach to decrease the development of sarcopenia and to increase nAChR synthesis in the elderly.
<strong> </strong>
Aging,exhaustive exercise,nicotinic acetylcholine receptor,sarcopenia
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63451.html
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63451_3064eb2abb70f9c4f05dbda149bfdfd2.pdf
University of Tehran
Journal of Sport Biosciences
2008-9325
2676-4148
9
2
2017
08
23
The Effect of 12 Weeks of Cognitive Motor Integrated Exercises on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in the Elderly with Dementia
223
241
FA
Sedigheh
Hosseinpour Delavar
PhD Student in Exercise Physiology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
exercisephysiologygroup@gmail.com
Naser
Behpour
Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
azam2910@yahoo.com
Vahid
Tadibi
Associate Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
ramezankhani_zm@gmail.com
Azam
Ramezankhani
PhD in Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
ramezankhaniazam@gmail.com
10.22059/jsb.2017.217453.1114
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cognitive motor integrated exercises on BDNF in the elderly with dementia. For this purpose, 24 male elderly with dementia (12 experimental and 12 control (were selected as the statistical sample. The program consisted of 12 weeks of (3 sessions per week, 45 minutes per session (cognitive motor exercises according to the guidelines of American College of Sport Medicine (ACSM). Before and after the exercise protocol, BDNF and cognitive and functional tests were evaluated. ANOVA with repeated measures was used for data analysis. The results showed that 12 weeks of cognitive motor protocol increased BDNF (<em>P</em>=0.001) and improved the results of functional reach test (<em>P</em>=0.005), timed up and go test (<em>P</em>=0.001), Berg balance scale (<em>P</em>=0.001) and mini–mental state examination (<em>P</em>=0.015) in the active group. In general, these findings showed that motor integrated exercise in the elderly with dementia increased BNDF levels. These findings clinically confirm the importance of physical fitness as a factor which prevents dementia in the future. Also, this type of activity is a beneficial training method to maintain motor function and to reduce the rate of mental functioning in the elderly.
balance,Cognition,cognitive motor exercises,dementia,Elderly,neurotrophin
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63455.html
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63455_939ea3b25c692b463401ef62def1fb87.pdf
University of Tehran
Journal of Sport Biosciences
2008-9325
2676-4148
9
2
2017
08
23
The Effect of 4 Weeks of Aerobic Exercise on Cognitive Impairment and Motor Dysfunction in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male Rats
257
243
FA
Nabi
Shamsaei
Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
shamsaeinabi@gmail.com
Hadi
Abdi
Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
abdi_197866@yahoo.com
Shamseddin
Rezaei
Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
sh.rezaei10@gmail.com
Mojgan
Salehipour
Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
mojgan.salehipour@yahoo.com
10.22059/jsb.2017.209423.1091
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of 4 weeks of aerobic exercise on cognitive impairments and motor dysfunction in diabetic male rats. 24 adult male Wistar rats (weight 275±9.9 g, age 13 weeks) were purchased and randomly divided into three groups: sham, diabetic and diabetic + exercise. Diabetes was induced with intraperitoneal injection of one dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (60ml/kg). The diabetes criterion was the blood glucose level higher than 250 mg/dl. One week after the induction of diabetes, the rats in exercise group ran on a treadmill 5 days a week for 4 weeks (20-30 min. at 10-18 m/min). The passive avoidance memory test was used to assess the memory impairments. Inclined plane and barfix tests were used to assess motor function. Results showed that the exercise significantly reduced the diabetic-induced impairment in the short-term memory in passive avoidance memory test (<em>P</em>=0.0001) and increased the motor function in diabetic rats in inclined plane (<em>P</em>=0.017) and barfix (<em>P</em>=0.0001) tests. In general, it can be stated that 4 weeks of aerobic exercise improves cognitive impairments and motor dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
cognitive impairment,diabetes,exercise,Streptozotocin
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63456.html
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63456_cb41cde57e4bbbb8b4fe2304ee768e03.pdf
University of Tehran
Journal of Sport Biosciences
2008-9325
2676-4148
9
2
2017
08
23
The Effect of 8 Weeks of Zinc Supplementation and Aerobic Exercise on Plasma Glucose Level and Distribution of Pancreatic Beta Cells in Diabetic Rats
259
270
FA
Hamid
Ebadi Asl
MSc in Exercise Physiology, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran
h.ebadiasl@yahoo.com
Mohsen
Aminaei
Assistant Professor, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran
maminai@uk.ac.ir
Rohollah
Nikooie
Associate Professor, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran
r_nikooie@uk.ac.ir
10.22059/jsb.2017.134463.1001
<br />This aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of zinc supplement and 8 weeks of aerobic exercise on blood glucose levels and distribution of pancreatic beta cells in diabetic rats. 60 matured male rats were randomly divided into six groups: healthy control (C), control exercise (CE), diabetic control (D), diabetic + zinc (DZ), diabetic + exercise (DE) and diabetic + exercise + zinc (DEZ). After 8 weeks, the rats received deep anesthesia and the pancreas was dissected and processed. Random sections were obtained and the number of pancreatic stained beta cells were counted. Blood glucose level (BGL) was measured in different weeks during the study. Statistical analysis of variance test showed the BGL drastically decreased in DEZ and DZ groups compared with the C, D and CE groups (<em>P</em><0.05). Beta cells of islets in DEZ were significantly (<em>P</em><0.05) higher than D (effect size %81) and DE (effect size %97) groups and in DZ higher than D group (effect size %99) and were comparable to C and CE groups. This study demonstrated that zinc supplement along with the aerobic exercise can play a more effective role in managing diabetes and can probably increase insulin secretion by controlling diabetes and stimulating the beta cells and also can largely prevent remaining beta cells from damaging by some pathologic changes like hypertrophy.
aerobic exercise,Beta cells,diabetes,zinc supplement
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63457.html
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63457_0c1a1544fc6626619136a88a21e161f1.pdf
University of Tehran
Journal of Sport Biosciences
2008-9325
2676-4148
9
2
2017
08
23
An Examination of the Changes in IL-15, CRP and Serum Irisin in Different Rest Intervals after a Session of Resistance Activity in the Elderly
271
284
FA
Ehsan
Asghari
Ph.D. Student of Exercise Physiology-Sport Biochemistry and Metabolism, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
e_asghary27p@yahoo.com
Zahra
Mirzendedel
Ph.D. Student of Exercise Physiology-Sport Biochemistry and Metabolism, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
zahra_mirzendedel@yahoo.com
10.22059/jsb.2017.217509.1115
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes of IL-15, CRP and serum irisin after one session of resistance activity in the elderly at different intervals with a view on the possibility of changing the muscles and improving sarcopenia. 15 elderly (mean age 63.32 ± 4.5 years, height 168.61 ± 2.33 cm and weight 78.5 ± 4.2 kg) voluntarily participated in this study. The subjects performed weight training for 45 minutes in 3 sets of 8 repetitions at 80% 1RM intensity with 2- minute rest intervals and 3-minute intervals. For statistical analysis of data, one-way ANOVA and LSD post hoc test were used (<em>P</em><0.05). The findings showed that levels of IL-15 and irisin significantly increased immediately after the test and levels of CRP and irisin significantly increased 24 hours after the test (<em>P</em><0.05). Inflammatory factors showed a significant increase 72 hours after the test compared with the period before the activity (<em>P</em><0.05). So, a session of resistance activity can elevate the levels of some of these factors in the elderly which may function as a factor which affects the improvement of muscle function and especially the control of sarcopenia in these people.
Elderly,inflammatory factors,Irisin,strength exercis
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63458.html
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63458_90856c409eb9bb77b1b20c2bdf12d16f.pdf
University of Tehran
Journal of Sport Biosciences
2008-9325
2676-4148
9
2
2017
08
23
The Acute Effect of the Type and Intensity of Dynamic Contraction on Performance Indicators and Some Electromyographic Variables of Vertical Jump in Track and Field Athletes
285
300
FA
Hossein
Ramezani
Sports Physiology Physical Activity and Health MSc Student, Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences of Tehran kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
hosseinramezani128@yahoo.com
Hamid
Rajabi
Associate Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences of Tehran kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
hrajabi1346@gmail.com
Pejman
Motamedi
Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences of Tehran kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
pzhmanmotamedi@gmail.com
10.22059/jsb.2017.212671.1102
The aim of this study was to examine the temporary effect of type and intensity of dynamic contractions on some electromyography and performance variables in professional track and field athletes. 9 subjects randomly performed one of the four protocols in 4 different days: usual warm-up (control group), warm-up and a set of four repetitions of negative half squatting (120% of 1RM), warm-up and a set of six repetitions of power-strength half squatting (80% of 1RM) and warm-up and a set of twelve repetitions of power-velocity half squatting (40% of 1RM). 7 minutes after each protocol, the subjects performed the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and vertical jump test. Simultaneously, EMG activity of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and biceps femoris muscles was registered in MVIC test and concentric phase of vertical jump. Then, maximum muscle activity and RMS/MVC ratio index was derived from EMG data. The results showed that vertical jump, the maximum muscle activity and RMS/MVC ratio significantly increased after negative and power-strength half squatting protocols compared with the control group (<em>P</em>≤0.05). Furthermore, negative half squatting protocol had more increase than power-strength half squatting (<em>P</em>≤0.05). So the special warm-up including half squatting with supra-maximal and close to the maximum intensities can improve vertical jump performance compared with the usual warm-up.
Electromyography,negative resistance activity,postactivation potentiation,power-strength resistance activity,power-velocity resistance activity
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63459.html
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63459_4d08b4c258dc2f364e70c14a22738ad4.pdf