ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Two Types of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on Oxidation of Fat and Carbohydrate in Young Overweight Men
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on fat and carbohydrate oxidation in overweight young men. 16 young sedentary overweight men participated voluntarily in this study and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups: HIIT-1 (BMI=26.54±2.6) and HIIT-2 (BMI=26.32±2.29). HIIT-1 included 3 sessions a week with four 1-min. intervals, and 4 min. of rest and HIIT-2 included four 30-sec. intervals with 2 min. of rest. Respiratory gasses were collected one day before and after the training in a fasting state for laboratory analysis. Independent t test was used to analyze intergroup changes while dependent t test was applied for intra-group analysis. The results showed that HIIT decreased 9% of carbohydrate consumption and increased 43% of fat consumption, when Bruce test was conducted in HIIT-1. These changes were significant compared with HIIT-2. The changes of weight and body fat percentage were significant only in the HIIT-1. According to these results, 6 sessions of HIIT relatively improved fat oxidation and glycogen storage.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63300_aa6caee993ad287e6ba61311e26bd756.pdf
2017-08-23
157
169
10.22059/jsb.2017.41874.659
carbohydrate oxidation
Fat oxidation
high intensity interval training
overweight young men
Mahdi
Gholizadeh
m.qolizadeh66@gmail.com
1
Ph.D. Student of Biochemistry and Exercise Metabolism, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Kordi
mrkordi@ut.ac.ir
2
Associate Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Akbarnejad
aakbarnejad@ut.ac.ir
3
Associate Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Alireza
Ghardashi Afousi
alireza.ghardashi@yahoo.com
4
PhD Student of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Sajjad
Mohammadyari
mohammadyari@gmail.com
5
Ph.D. Student of Cardiovascular and Exercise Pulmonary, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran )Received:2014/1/8;Accepted:2014/9/13)
AUTHOR
1. A. R. Harmer, D. J. Chisholm, M. J. McKenna et al. (2008). “Sprinttraining increases muscle oxidative metabolism during highintensityexercise in patients with type 1 diabetes,” DiabetesCare, vol. 31, no. 11, pp. 2097–2102.
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2. Azizi F, Etemadi A, Salehi P, Zahedi S.(2003).” Prevalence Of Metabolic Syndrome In An UrbanPopulation: Tehran Lipid And Glucose Study”. Tehran University Medical Journal61(5) :PP: 389-3
2
3. Burgomaster K A, Howarth K R, Phillips S M, Rakobowchuk M, Macdonald M J, McGee S L, Gibala MJ. (2008). “Similar metabolic adaptations during exercise after low volume sprint interval and traditionalendurance training in humans”. J Physiol, 586:151–160.
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4. Brooks G. A. (1998). “Mammalian fuel utilization during sustained exercise”.Comp. Biochem. Physiol.120:89-107.
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5. Bahr R.(1991). “Excess postexercise oxygen consumption – magnitude, mechanisms and practicalimplications”.Actaphysiolscandsuppl 605:PP:1-90.
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6. Christopher G.R. Perry, George J.F.(2008). “High-intensity aerobic interval training increases fat andcarbohydrate metabolic capacities in human skeletal muscle”. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, andMetabolism, 33(6): 1112-1897.
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7.Chen Z-P, McConell GK, Michell BJ, Snow RJ, Canny BJ &Kemp BE (2000). AMPK signaling incontracting humanskeletal muscle: acetyl-CoA carboxylase and NO synthasephosphorylation. Am J PhysiolEndocrinolMetab279,E1202–E1206.
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8. Daley j et al. (2006). “Exercise Therapy as a Treatmen of Psychopathologic Conditions in Obese andMorbidly Obese Adolescents: A Randomized, Controlled Trial Pediatrics”, 118:PP:2126-21.
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9. Gaitanos G C, Williams C, Boobis L H &Brooks S. (1993). “Human muscle metabolism uringintermittent maximal exercise,” Journal of Applied Physiology, vol. 75, no. 2, pp. 712– 719.
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10. Gibala M J, Little J P, van Essen M, Wilkin G P, Burgomaster K A, Safdar A, Raha S &TarnopolskyM A. (2006). Short-term sprint interval versus traditional endurance training: similar initial adaptations inhuman skeletal muscle and exercise performance. J. Physiol. 575:901-911.
10
11. Gibala M J. (2009). “Molecular responses to high-intensity interval exercise,” Applied Physiology,Nutrition, and Metabolism, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 428–432.
11
12. Holloszy j., Kohrtwm.(1998)." The Regulation of carbohydrate Fat Metabolism During and afterexercise”. Frontiers in Bioscience 3:PP:1011-1027.
12
13. IUNG R . (1997). “Obesity as a disease”. Br. Med. Ball. 53:PP:307-321.
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14. Kuksis A., Matsos C. G., Sutton J. R., Toews C. J. (1980). “Fat metabolism in heavy exercise”. ClinSci(Lond). 59(6):469–478.
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15. Kang C, O’Moore KM, Dickman JR &Ji LL (2009). Exerciseactivation of muscle peroxisome proliferatoractivatedreceptor-γ coactivator-1α signaling is redox sensitive. FreeRadicBiol Med 47, 1394–1
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16. K. A. Burgomaster, S. C. Hughes, G. J. F. Heigenhauser,S. N. Bradwell, and M. J. Gibala, “Six sessions of sprint interval training increasesmuscle oxidative potential and cycleendurance capacity in humans,” Journal of Applied Physiology,vol. 98, no. 6, pp. 1985–1990, 2005.
16
17. Little JP, Safdar A, Bishop D, Tarnopolsky MA &Gibala MJ(2011b). An acute bout of high-intensityinterval trainingincreases the nuclear abundance of PGC-1α and activatesmitochondrial biogenesis in humanskeletal muscle. Am JPhysiolRegulIntegr Comp Physiol300, R1303–R1310.
17
18.Little JP, SafdarA,Wilkin GP, Tarnopolsky MA &Gibala MJ(2010b). A practical model of low-volumehigh-intensityinterval training induces mitochondrial biogenesis in humanskeletal muscle: potential mechanisms. J Physiol588,1011–1022.
18
19. Luc J. C. van Loon.(2004). “Use of intramuscular triacylglycerol as a substrate source during exercisein humans”. J ApplPhysiol 97:PP: 1170–1187.
19
20. Martin J., Gibala.(2012). “Physiological adaptations to low-volume, high-intensity interval training inhealth and disease”. J Physiol 590.5. pp 1077–108
20
21. Randle,P. J. Garland , P.B.,(1963). The glucose fatty acid cycle.lancet 1, 785- 789.
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22. Stevens j., Cai j., Pamuk ER., Williamson DF., ThunMj. (1998). “The Effect of Age on the Associationbetween Body-Mass Index and Mortality” N.Engl .J Med. 338:PP:1-7.
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23. Stephen H., Boutcher S.H.(2011). “High -Intensity Intermittent Exercise and Fat Loss”. Journal ofObesity Volume, Article ID 868305, 10 pages doi:10.
23
24. Trapp E.G., Chisholm D.J., Freund J., and Boutcher S.H.,(2008).“The effects of high-intensityintermittent exercise training on fat loss and fasting insulin levels of young women”. InternationalJournal of Obesity , vol. 32, no. 4 , pp. 684–691.
24
25. Talanian JL, Galloway SDR, Heigenhauser GJF, Bonen A, Spriet LL. (2007). "Two weeks of highintensityaerobic interval training increases the capacity for fat oxidation during exercise in women". JApplPhysiol; 102: 1439–1447.
25
26. WHO recamendation for obesity.”Obesity Update 2012”.
26
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Different Modes of Training on Plasma Levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in Male Mature Wistar Rats
The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effect of different modes of exercise training on IL-6 and IL-10 and weight control in adult male rats. In this experimental-trail, 40 Wistar rats were divided into five groups: (1) Sedentary (Sed), (2) Endurance Training (ET), (3) High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), Sprint Training (ST), Incline Treadmill Workout (ITW); Sed group was regarded as control. ET group received 8-wk Mild-intensity endurance exercise. The exercise schedule of HIIT group consisted of high intensity interval training for 8 weeks (with Active recovery). ST group run on treadmill for 8-weeks with high intensity. ITW group ran on the inclined treadmill. IL-6 and IL-10 was assessed using commercial ELISA kits and the data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Statistical differences were considered significant at p
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63437_188ab5ee7bd46e3e76afc34bc47bce3d.pdf
2017-08-23
171
181
10.22059/jsb.2017.98145.726
Endurance training
high-intensity interval training
IL-6
IL-10
sprint training
Hamed
Barzegar
h.barzegar@ut.ac.ir
1
PhD of Exercise Physiology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Elham
Vosadi
e.vosadi@yahoo.com
2
PhD of Exercise Physiology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahboobeh
Borjian Fard
mbborjian@gmail.com
3
PhD Student of Exercise Physiology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Magnesium Sulfate Supplementation on Fatigue Threshold Electromyography (EMGFT), Lactate and Time to Exhaustion (TTE) following Acute Aerobic Exercise of Exhaustive Treadmill Running in Sedentary Collegiate Men
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of magnesium sulfate supplementation on fatigue threshold electromyography (EMGFT), lactate and time to exhaustion (TTE) following a session of aerobic exercise (exhaustive treadmill running) in sedentary collegiate men. For this purpose, 16 sedentary male students (mean age: 25.25 ± 1.18 years, height: 176.18 ± 4.75 cm, weight: 79.51 ± 25.65 kg) were randomly divided into supplementary (n=8) and placebo (n=8) groups. Blood samples were collected in four phases: before and immediately after Bruce test in pretest and posttest. Data were analyzed by repeated measures test, covariance analysis and independent and dependent t tests at P=0.05. The results showed that TTE increased (5.44%) in magnesium sulfate group after the supplementation (P<0.05). Also, magnesium sulfate supplementation increased the occurrence of EMGFT (140%) (P<0.05). But the lactate changes were not significant in both groups (P>0.05). The results of this study indicated that the supplementation of magnesium sulfate lowered the slope of muscle EMGFT activity following a session of exhaustive treadmill running.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63439_afa7732701ee6f97f94734f3f416e138.pdf
2017-08-23
183
194
10.22059/jsb.2017.126275.946
aerobic exercise
fatigue threshold electromyography
magnesium sulfate
time to get exhaustion
Nourmohammad
Delavaribanitak
delavaribanitak@gmail.com
1
MSc of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran
AUTHOR
Zia
Falahmohammadi
zia-falm@umz.ac.ir
2
Associate Professor of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Rozita
Fathi
roz_fathi@yahoo.com
3
Associate Professor of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran
AUTHOR
Mehran
Naghizadeh Ghomi
m.naghizadeh@umz.ac.ir
4
Assistant Professor of Statistics, Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Mazandaran
AUTHOR
Vahid
Talebi
vahidtalebi99@yahoo.com
5
PhD Student of Exercise Physiology, Department of Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran
AUTHOR
1. توفیقی، اصغر؛ ساعد موچشی، صابر (1392). «مقایسة تأثیر بارگیری کوتاهمدت و طولانیمدت مکمل بیکربنات سدیم بر شاخصهای خستگی و عملکردی مردان فعال بهدنبال فعالیت هوازی واماندهساز»، مجلة پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی- درمانی تبریز دورة 35، ش 3، مرداد و شهریو، ص 42-40.
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2. دستمنش، سیاوش؛ شجاع الدین، سید صدرالدین (1389). «آیا خستگی عضلانی بر ثبات عملکردی مردان ورزشکار تأثیر میگذارد؟»، پژوهش در علوم توانبخشی، سال ششم، ش 1، بهار و تابستان.
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3. رنجبر، روحالله؛ کردی، محمدرضا؛ گائینی، عباسعلی (1387). «تأثیر مصرف کافئین بر توان هوازی، شاخص خستگی و سطوح لاکتات خون دانشجویان پسر فعال»، نشریة علوم زیستی ورزشی، ش 1.
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4. شکرالهی یانچشمه، ایوب؛ خاکپور، کیوان؛ یثربی، بهزاد. «حرکات ورزشی و تحلیل سیگنالهای الکترومیوگرام (EMG)»، مجلة مهندسی پزشکی، ش 118.
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5. معتمدی، پژمان؛ رجبی، حمید؛ ابراهیمی، اسماعیل (1389). «تأثیر برنامههای تمرینی تداومی و تناوبی، هوازی و مقاومتی بر کارایی حرکت دوندگان مرد تمرینکردة استقامتی»، نشریة علوم حرکتی و ورزش، سال هشتم، ش 15، بهار و تابستان.
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6. مختاری، مختار؛ شریفی، اسفندیار؛ عباسنیا، شهربانو (1391). «اثر تجویز خوراکی سولفات منیزیم بر سطح سرمی هورمونهای محور هیپوفیز-تیروئید در موشهاس صحرایی نر»، مجلة علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی سبزوار، دورة 19، ش 1، بهار.
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7. مینونژاد، هومن؛ رجبی، رضا؛ رحیمی، عباس؛ صمدی، هادی (1388). «ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﮥ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟ ﯿﺖ اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻣﯿﻮﮔﺮاﻓ ﯽ و ﺧﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻋﻀﻼت ارﮐﺘﻮر اﺳﭙﺎ ﯾﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان اﻧﺤﻨﺎﻫﺎی ﺳﯿﻨﻪ ای و ﮐﻤﺮی»، فصلنامة المپیک، سال هفدهم، ش 2، تابستان.
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8. هارگریوس، مارک (1378). ورزش و متابولیسم، ترجمۀ عباسعلی گائینی و ناظم فرزاد.
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9. Abbie E. Smith · Jordan R. Moon · Kristina L. Kendall · Jennifer L. Graef · Christopher M. Lockwood · Ashley A. Walter · Travis W. Beck · Joel T. Cramer · JeVrey R. Stout (2009). The effects of beta-alanine supplementation and high-intensity interval training on neuromuscular fatigue and muscle function. Eur J Appl Physiol 105:357–363 DOI 10.1007/s00421-008-0911-7
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10. Al-Mulla M.R, Sepulveda F, Colley M (2011). A Review of Non-Invasive Techniques to Detect and Predict Localised Muscle Fatigue. www.mdpi.com/journal/sensors
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11. Douglas G. Bell á Ira Jacobs á Jiri Zamecnik (1998). Effects of caffeine, ephedrine and their combination on time to exhaustion during high-intensity exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 77: 427±433
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12. ERIC W. FINSTAD, IAN J. NEWHOUSE, HENRY C. LUKASKI, JIM E. MCAULIFFE, and CAMERON R(2000). STEWAR. The effects of magnesium supplementation on exercise performance. School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, CANADA; and USDA Human Nutrition Research Centre, Grand Forks, N
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13. Graef J.L, Smith A.E, Kendall K.L, Walter A.A, Moon J.R, Lockwood C.M, Beck T.W, Cramer J.T, Stout J.R (2008). The relationships among endurance performance measures as estimated fromVO2PEAK, ventilatory threshold, and electromyographic fatigue threshold: a relationship design. Dynamic Medicine 2008, 7:15
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14. Harris RC, Soderlund K, Hultman E(1992). Elevation of creatine in resting and exercised muscle of normal subjects by creatine supplementation. Clin Sci (Lond) 83(3):367-374.
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15. Henry C Lukaski, William W Bolonchuk. Leslie M Klevay, David B Milne, Harold H Sandstead (1983). Maximal oxygen consumption as related to magnesium, copper, and zinc. The American Journal ofClunical Nutrition 37: MARCH 1983, pp 407-415. Printed in USA © 1983 American Society for Clinical Nutrition
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16. Jimmy C. Smith á Daniel P. Stephens á Emily L. Hall Allen W. Jackson á Conrad P. Earnest (1998). Effect of oral creatine ingestion on parameters of the work rate-time relationship and time to exhaustion in high-intensity cycling. Eur J Appl Physiol 77: 360±365
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17. JEFFREY STOUT, JOAN ECKERSON, KYLE EBERSOLE, GERI MOORE, SHARON PERRY, TERRY HOUSH, ANTHONY BULL, JOEL CRAMER, ASH BATHEJ (2000). Effect of creatine loading on neuromuscular fatigue threshold. J. Appl. Physiol. 88: 109–112,
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18. Lukaski HC (1995). Micronutritiens (magnesium, zinc and cupper): Are mineral suplem ents needed for athletes? Sport Nutrition 74 –83
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19. Matsumoto T, Ito K, Moritani T (1991). The relationship between anaerobic threshold and electromyographic fatigue threshold in college women. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol,63(1):1-5.
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20. Moritani T, Takaishi T, Matsumoto T: Determination of maximal power output at neuromuscular fatigue threshold. J Appl Physiol1993, 74(4):1729-34.
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21. McClaren, D. P., H. Gibson, M. Parry-Billings, and R. H. T. Edwards (1989). A review of metabolic and physiological factors in fatigue. Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev. 17: 29–68,
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22. Nielsen F.H, Lukaski H.C (2006). Update on the relationship between magnesium and exercise. Magnesium Research 2006; 19 (3): 180-9
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23. Rose LL, Carroll D R, Lowe SL, Peterson EW, Cooper KH(1970). Serum electrolyte changes after a marathon running. J. Appl. Physiol. 29, 449 –451
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24. Rayssiguier Y, Guezennec CY, Durlach J(1990). New Experimental and clinical data on the relationship between magnesium and sport. Magnes. Res. 3, 93 –102
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25- Smith A.E, Walter A.A, Herda T.J, Ryan E.D, Moon J.R, Cramer J.T, Stout J.R (2007). Effects of creatine loading on electromyographic fatigue threshold during cycle ergometry in college-aged women. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2007, 4:20
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26- Stout J.R, Cramer J.T, Zoeller R.F, Torok D, Costa P, Hoffman J.R, Harris R.C (2006). Effects of β-alanine supplementation on the onset of neuromuscular fatigue and ventilator threshold in women. Amino Acids (2006) DOI 10.1007/s00726-006-0474-z Printed in The Netherlands
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27. Svedahl K, MacIntosh BR (2003) Anaerobic threshold: the concept and methods of measurement. Can J Appl Physiol 28: 299–323
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28. S. W. Golf, O. Happel, V. Graef (1984). Plasma Aldosterone, Cortisol and Electrolyte Concentrations in Physical Exercise after Magnesium Supplementation. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. Vol. 22, 1984, pp. 717-72
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29. Taylor AD, Bronks R, Bryant AL (1997) The relationship between electromyography and work intensity revisited: a brief review with references to lacticacidosis and hyperammonia. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 37: 387–39
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30. V Çınar, M Nizamlıo lu, R Mo ulkoc (2006). The effect of magnesium supplementation on lactate levels of sportsmen and sedanter. Acta Physiologica Hungarica, Volume 93 (2 –3), pp. 137 –144 DOI: 10.1556/APhysiol.93.2006.2 -3.4
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31. Wilhelm Jahnen-Dechentand Markus Ketteler. Magnesium basics. Clin Kidney J (2012) 5[Suppl 1]: i3–i14 doi: 10.1093/ndtplus/sfr
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Short-Term Effect of Two Types of High-Intensity Interval Training on Plasma Level of TNF-α, IL-6, CRP and Lipid Profile of Overweight Women
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 4 weeks of high-intensity interval training with weight-bearing and non-weight bearing on inflammatory markers of TNF-α, IL-6, CRP and lipid profile as predictive factors of the risk of cardiovascular diseases in overweight women. 16 non-athlete women (age 30 ± 5 yr, weight 75.48 ± 13.11 kg, height 165.50 ± 2.59 cm and body mass index 27.73 ± 4.20 Kg/m2) voluntary participated in the study. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups of high-intensity interval training: anaerobic RAST test and Wingate anaerobic test for 4 weeks, 3 sessions per week (between 3 and 6 Wingate test or RAST test each session). 24 hours before and 24 hours after training, blood samples was collected and the results were analyzed with Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, covariance analysis and paired t test at a significance level of P<0.05. The results indicated a significant reduction of plasma levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP and an improvement in the lipid profile (excluding HDL-C) in both groups compared with the period before the training (P<0.05). However, after 12 sessions of training no significant difference was observed in inflammatory markers and lipid profile between the two group (P<0 .05). These findings suggest that even short periods of high-intensity interval training can reduce inflammatory markers associated with cardiovascular diseases although weight-bearing or non-weight bearing types of training do not make a significant difference.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63447_7716f6c3dd6bab8e4190ac638c5f33a2.pdf
2017-08-23
195
207
10.22059/jsb.2017.128575.963
high-intensity interval training
inflammatory markers
RAST test
Wingate test
mohammad
Shariatzadeh
shariatzade221@yahoo.com
1
Assistant Professor, Sport Sciences Research Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zeynab
Moghadam
z.moghadam81a@yahoo.com
2
M.Sc. of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch
AUTHOR
Leila
Maleki
leilamaleki_12@yahoo.com
3
M.Sc. of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch
AUTHOR
Elham
Keshavarz
e_keshavarz1@yahoo.com
4
M.Sc. of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Sari Branch
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Hedayati
hedayati4@yahoo.com
5
Associate Professor in Biochemistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
1. مقرنسی، مهدی؛ گائینی، عباسعلی؛ کردی، محمدرضا؛ رواسی، علیاصغر؛ جوادی، ابراهیم؛ شیخالاسلامی، داریوش ( 1390). "اثر چهار هفته بیتمرینی پس از تمرینات سرعتی شدید بر عوامل خطرزای آسیبهای التهابی آتروژنز"، مجلۀ علوم زیستی ورزشی، ش 9، ص 20-5.
1
2. شیخالاسلامی، داریوش؛ احمدی، صلاحالدین؛ مجتهدی، حسین؛ مرندی، سید محمد؛ احمدی ده رشید، کیوان؛ فرجی، حسن؛ غریبی، فردین (1389)."اثر شدتهای مختلف تمرین مقاومتی بر شاخص التهابی در مردان جوان سالم"، مجلۀ غدد درونریز و متابولیسم ایران، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی – درمانی شهید بهشتی، دورۀ دوازدهم، ش 6، ص 625 - 618.
2
3. هوانلو، فریبرز؛ عارفی راد، طاهره؛ احمدی زاد، سجاد، هدایتی، مهدی (1390). "تأثیر دو نوع تمرین سرعتی – تناوبی و استقامتی – تداومی با شدت و حجمهای مختلف بر سطح مارکرهای التهابی"، مجلۀ دیابت ولیپید ایران، دورۀ 11، ش 2، ص 193 -202.
3
4. Altena, T. S., Michaelson, j., Ball, S.D., Guilford, B. L.,Thomas, T.R.(2006). lipoprotein sa.b fraction changes after continuos or intermittent exercise training”. Med sci sports Exerc;38(2):PP:267-72
4
5. Augusto, L. l., Vergi´nia, G., Regina, C., Aparecida, V.( 2012).“ Effect of Resistance, Endurance, and Concurrent Training on TNF->, IL-6, and CRP”. by the American College of Sports Medicin,; 701 CEP.PP: 13083-851.
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6. Azizi, F., Mirmiran, P., Azadbakht, L. (2004). Predictors of cardiovascular risk factors in Tehran adolescents: Tehran lipid and glucose study”. Int J vitamnutr res, 74(5):PP: 307-312.
6
7. Baum, M., Muller, M., Liesen, H., Kirchner, H. (1997).“ Moderate and exhaustive endurance exercise influencesthe interferon-gamma levels in whole–blood culture supernatants”. Eur J Appl Physiol, 76:PP: 165-9.
7
8. Beavers, KM., Brinkley ,TE., Nicklas BJ. (2010).“ Effect of exercise training on chronic inflammation”. Clin Chim Acta; 411(11–12):PP: 785–93.
8
9. Bo, Simona. ( 2008) “ Diet or exercise: what is more effective in preventing or reducing metabolic alterations?”, European Journal of Endocrinology, 159:PP: 685–691.
9
10. Bruunsgaard, H., Bjerregaard, E., Schroll, M., Pedersen, BK.( 2004).“strength after resistance training is inversely correlated with baseline levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors in the oldestold” . J Am Geriatr Soc.;52(2):PP: 237–41.
10
11. Buchan, S.D., Ollis, S.T., and et.al. (2011) "The Effects of Time and Intensity of Exercise on Novel and Established Markers of CVD in Adolescent Youth". Am. J. Hum. Biol. 23:PP:517–526
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39
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Cinnamon Extract Supplementation on nAChR Response of Skeletal Muscle in Old Rats to Exhaustive Acute Exercise
Supplements containing antioxidants play an important role in improving performance in the elderly. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cinnamon extract supplementation on nicotine acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) after one session of exhaustive exercise in old rats. 32 aged Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: exhaustive exercise, cinnamon extract, cinnamon extract and exhaustive exercise and control. Cinnamon extract and cinnamon extract and exhaustive exercise groups received 200 mg/kg/day of cinnamon extract by intra gastric intubation for 14 days. Exhaustive exercise and cinnamon extract and exhaustive exercise groups firstly ran on a treadmill at the speed of 10 m/min. for warm-up. Then, speed increased by 2 m/min. every 2 minutes to reach 28 m/min. The rats were anesthetized and their SOL and EDL muscles were removed at rest, immediately and after 4 hours. The homogenized and western blot methods were used to identify the changes in variables. Data were analyzed by independent t test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the significance level (P≤0.05). Results showed that nAChR was significantly higher immediately and after 4 hours in SOL muscle in all groups than the control group (P<0.05). However, this increase was not significant in EDL muscle (P≥0.05). It seems that cinnamon extract supplementation and endurance exercise might be an appropriate approach to decrease the development of sarcopenia and to increase nAChR synthesis in the elderly.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63451_3064eb2abb70f9c4f05dbda149bfdfd2.pdf
2017-08-23
209
221
10.22059/jsb.2017.214821.1107
Aging
exhaustive exercise
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
sarcopenia
Fataneh
Farahmand
fataneh.farahmand69@gmail.com
1
PHD student in neuromuscular Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Maryam
Nourshahi
m-nourshahi@sbu.ac.ir
2
Associate Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mojtaba
Salehpour
salehpour57@gmail.com
3
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Teacher Training Shahid Rajai, University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Eman
Fathi
imanfathi@gmail.com
4
Assistant Professor,Department of Physical Education and Sports Science Faculty of Literature and Humanities,Vali-E-Asar University, Rafsanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
دهقان، غلامرضا؛ ابراهیمی وسطیکلا، سهیلا؛ شقاقی، مهرنوش؛ جعفری، افشار؛ محمدی، مصطفی؛ بدلزاده، رضا؛ فلاح، سعید (1390). «اثر ضداکسایشی عصارۀ پوستۀ دارچین بهدنبال یک جلسه ورزش درماندهساز در موشهای صحرایی نر»، مجلۀ دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بابل، ش 5، ص 28.
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32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of 12 Weeks of Cognitive Motor Integrated Exercises on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in the Elderly with Dementia
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cognitive motor integrated exercises on BDNF in the elderly with dementia. For this purpose, 24 male elderly with dementia (12 experimental and 12 control (were selected as the statistical sample. The program consisted of 12 weeks of (3 sessions per week, 45 minutes per session (cognitive motor exercises according to the guidelines of American College of Sport Medicine (ACSM). Before and after the exercise protocol, BDNF and cognitive and functional tests were evaluated. ANOVA with repeated measures was used for data analysis. The results showed that 12 weeks of cognitive motor protocol increased BDNF (P=0.001) and improved the results of functional reach test (P=0.005), timed up and go test (P=0.001), Berg balance scale (P=0.001) and mini–mental state examination (P=0.015) in the active group. In general, these findings showed that motor integrated exercise in the elderly with dementia increased BNDF levels. These findings clinically confirm the importance of physical fitness as a factor which prevents dementia in the future. Also, this type of activity is a beneficial training method to maintain motor function and to reduce the rate of mental functioning in the elderly.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63455_939ea3b25c692b463401ef62def1fb87.pdf
2017-08-23
223
241
10.22059/jsb.2017.217453.1114
balance
Cognition
cognitive motor exercises
dementia
Elderly
neurotrophin
Sedigheh
Hosseinpour Delavar
exercisephysiologygroup@gmail.com
1
PhD Student in Exercise Physiology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Naser
Behpour
azam2910@yahoo.com
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
AUTHOR
Vahid
Tadibi
ramezankhani_zm@gmail.com
3
Associate Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
AUTHOR
Azam
Ramezankhani
ramezankhaniazam@gmail.com
4
PhD in Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Baker, L.D., Frank, L.L., Foster-Schubert, K., et al. (2010). “Aerobic exercise improves cognition for older adults with glucose intolerance, a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease”. J Alzheimers Dis, 22: PP: 569-79.
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2
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Swift, D.L., Johannsen, N.M., Myers, V.H., et al. (2012). “The effect of exercise training modality on serum brain derived neurotrophic factor levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes”. Plos One, 7: PP: e42785.
50
Tapia-Arancibia, L., Rage, F., Givalois, L., et al. (2004). “Physiology of BDNF: focus on hypothalamic function”. Frontiers in neuroendocrinology, 25(2): PP: 77-107.
51
Trzepacz, P.T., Hochstetler, H., Wang, S., et al. (2015). “Relationship between the montreal cognitive assessment and mini-mental state examination for assessment of mild cognitive impairment in older adults”.BMC Geriatr, 15: PP: 107.
52
Twiss, J. L. Chang, J. H., and Schanen, N. C. (2006). “Pathophysiological mechanisms for actions of the neurotrophins”. Brai Pathology, 16 (4): PP: 320-2.
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Wrann, C.D., White, J.P., Salogiannnis J, et al. (2013). “Exercise induces hippocampal BDNF through a PGC-1α/FNDC5 pathway”. Cell Metab, 5; 18(5): PP: 649-59.
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Zoladz, J. A., and Pilc, A. (2010). “The effect of physical activity on the brain derived neurotrophic factor: from animal to human studies”. Journal of physiology and pharmacology: an official journal of the Polish physiological society, 61 (5): PP: 533-41.
55
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of 4 Weeks of Aerobic Exercise on Cognitive Impairment and Motor Dysfunction in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male Rats
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of 4 weeks of aerobic exercise on cognitive impairments and motor dysfunction in diabetic male rats. 24 adult male Wistar rats (weight 275±9.9 g, age 13 weeks) were purchased and randomly divided into three groups: sham, diabetic and diabetic + exercise. Diabetes was induced with intraperitoneal injection of one dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (60ml/kg). The diabetes criterion was the blood glucose level higher than 250 mg/dl. One week after the induction of diabetes, the rats in exercise group ran on a treadmill 5 days a week for 4 weeks (20-30 min. at 10-18 m/min). The passive avoidance memory test was used to assess the memory impairments. Inclined plane and barfix tests were used to assess motor function. Results showed that the exercise significantly reduced the diabetic-induced impairment in the short-term memory in passive avoidance memory test (P=0.0001) and increased the motor function in diabetic rats in inclined plane (P=0.017) and barfix (P=0.0001) tests. In general, it can be stated that 4 weeks of aerobic exercise improves cognitive impairments and motor dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63456_cb41cde57e4bbbb8b4fe2304ee768e03.pdf
2017-08-23
257
243
10.22059/jsb.2017.209423.1091
cognitive impairment
diabetes
exercise
Streptozotocin
Nabi
Shamsaei
shamsaeinabi@gmail.com
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hadi
Abdi
abdi_197866@yahoo.com
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Shamseddin
Rezaei
sh.rezaei10@gmail.com
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
AUTHOR
Mojgan
Salehipour
mojgan.salehipour@yahoo.com
4
Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
AUTHOR
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5. Ang ET, Wong PT, Moochhala S, Ng YK. Neuroprotection associated with running: is it a result of increased endogenous neurotrophic factors?. Neuroscience. 2003; 118(2):335-45.
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6. Asano RY, Sales MM, Browne RA, Moraes JF, Coelho Júnior HJ, Moraes MR, & et al. Acute effects of physical exercise in type 2 diabetes: A review. World J Diabetes. 2014;5:659-65.
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7. Atalay M, Laaksonen DE. Diabetes, oxidative stress and physical exercise. J Sports Sci Med. 2002; 1(1):1-14.
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8. Ates O, Cayli SR, Yucel N, Altinoz E, Kocak A, Durak MA, et al. Central nervous system protection by resveratrol in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Clin Neurosci. 2007; 14(3):256-60.
8
9. Brands AM, Biessels GJ, De Haan EHF, Kappelle LJ, Kessels RP. The effects of type 1 diabetes on cognitive performance. Diabetes Care. 2005; 28:726-35.
9
10. Burghardt PR, Fulk LJ, Hand GA, Wilson MA. The effects of chronic treadmill and wheel running on behavior in rats. Brain Res. 2004;1019:84-96.
10
11. Coskun O, Ocakci A, Bayraktaroglu T, Kanter M. Exercise training prevents and protects streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress and β- cell damage in rat pancreas. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2004;203:145-54.
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12. Cotman CW, Berchtold NC. Physical activity and the maintenance of cognition: learning from animal models. Alzheimers Dement. 2007;3:S30-S37.
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16. Emerick AJ, Richards MP, Kartje GL, Neafsey EJ, Stubbs Jr. EB. Experimental diabetes attenuates cerebral cortical-evoked forelimb motor responses. Diabetes. 2005; 54;2764-71.
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19. Hoffman-Goetz L, Spagnuolo P. Effect of repeated exercise stress on caspase 3, Bcl-2, HSP 70 and CuZn-SOD protein expression in mouse intestinal lymphocytes. J Neuroimmunol. 2007; 187(1-2):94-101.
19
20. Hong JH, Kim MJ, Park MR, Kwag OG, Lee IS, Byun BH, et al. Effects of vitamin E on oxidative stress and membrane fluidity in brain of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Clinica Chimica Acta. 2004; 340:107-15.
20
21. Hou CW, Chou SW, Ho HY, Lee WH, Lin CH, Kuo CH. Interactive effect of exercise training and growth hormone administration on glucose tolerance and muscle GLUT4 protein expression in rats. J Biomed Sci. 2003; 10:689-96.
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22. Howarth F, Marzouqi F, Salem Al Saeedi A, Shaul Hameed R, Adeghate E. The effect of a heavy exercise program on the distribution of pancreatic hormones in the streptozotocininduced diabetic rat. JOP. 2009;10(5):485-91.
22
23. Hwang IK, Yi SS, Song W, Won MH, Yoon YS, Seong JK. Effects of age and treadmill exercise in chronic diabetic stages on neuroblast differentiation in a rat model of type 2 diabetes. Brain Res. 2010;1341:63-71.
23
24. Ito D, Cao P, Kakihana T, Sato E, Suda C, Muroya Y, et al. Chronic Running Exercise Alleviates Early Progression of Nephropathy with Upregulation of Nitric Oxide Synthases and Suppression of Glycation in Zucker Diabetic Rats. PLoS One. 2015; 17;10(9):e0138037.
24
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26. Kim BK, Shin MS, Kim CJ, Baek SB, Ko YC, Kim YP. Treadmill exercise improves short-term memory by enhancing neurogenesis in amyloid beta-induced Alzheimer disease rats. J Exerc Rehabil. 2014; 10:2-8.
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27. Kim DH, Ko IG, Kim BK, Kim TW, Kim SE, Shin MS, et al. Treadmill exercise inhibits traumatic brain injury-induced hippocampal apoptosis. Physiol Behav. 2010; 101:660-5.
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28
29. Liang Y, Sheng S, Fang P, Ma Y, Li J, Shi Q, et al. Exercise-induced galanin release facilitated GLUT4 translocation in adipocytes of type 2 diabetic rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2011; 100:554-9.
29
30. Liu Q, Chen L, Hu L, Guo Y, Shen X. Small molecules from natural sources, targeting signaling pathways in diabetes. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 2010; 1799:854-65.
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31. Mattson MP. Energy intake and exercise as determinants of brain health and vulnerability to injury and disease. Cell Metab. 2012;16:706-22.
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33. Ozkan Y, Yilmaz O, Oztürk AI, Erşan Y. Effects of triple antioxidant combination (vitamin E, vitamin C and alpha-lipoic acid) with insulin on lipid and cholesterol levels and fatty acid composition of brain tissue in experimental diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Cell Biol Int. 2005; 29:754-60.
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43. van Meeteren NL1, Brakkee JH, Helders PJ, Gispen WH.The effect of exercise training on functional recovery after sciatic nerve crush in the rat. J Peripher Nerv Syst. 1998;3(4):277-82.
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44. Wandell PE. Quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus. An overview of research in primary health care in the Nordic countries. Scand J Prim Health Care. 2005; 23(2):68-74.
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45. Zhen YF, Zhang J, Liu XY, Fang H, Tian LB, Zhou DH, et al. Low BDNF is associated with cognitive deficits in patients with type 2 diabetes. Psychopharmacology. 2013; 227(1): 93-100.
45
46. Zhou Y, Lekic T, Fathali N, Ostrowski RP, Martin RD, Tang J, et al. Isoflurane posttreatment reduces neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in rats by the sphingosine-1-phosphate/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt pathway. Stroke. 2010; 41(7):1521-7.
46
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of 8 Weeks of Zinc Supplementation and Aerobic Exercise on Plasma Glucose Level and Distribution of Pancreatic Beta Cells in Diabetic Rats
This aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of zinc supplement and 8 weeks of aerobic exercise on blood glucose levels and distribution of pancreatic beta cells in diabetic rats. 60 matured male rats were randomly divided into six groups: healthy control (C), control exercise (CE), diabetic control (D), diabetic + zinc (DZ), diabetic + exercise (DE) and diabetic + exercise + zinc (DEZ). After 8 weeks, the rats received deep anesthesia and the pancreas was dissected and processed. Random sections were obtained and the number of pancreatic stained beta cells were counted. Blood glucose level (BGL) was measured in different weeks during the study. Statistical analysis of variance test showed the BGL drastically decreased in DEZ and DZ groups compared with the C, D and CE groups (P<0.05). Beta cells of islets in DEZ were significantly (P<0.05) higher than D (effect size %81) and DE (effect size %97) groups and in DZ higher than D group (effect size %99) and were comparable to C and CE groups. This study demonstrated that zinc supplement along with the aerobic exercise can play a more effective role in managing diabetes and can probably increase insulin secretion by controlling diabetes and stimulating the beta cells and also can largely prevent remaining beta cells from damaging by some pathologic changes like hypertrophy.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63457_0c1a1544fc6626619136a88a21e161f1.pdf
2017-08-23
259
270
10.22059/jsb.2017.134463.1001
aerobic exercise
Beta cells
diabetes
zinc supplement
Hamid
Ebadi Asl
h.ebadiasl@yahoo.com
1
MSc in Exercise Physiology, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Aminaei
maminai@uk.ac.ir
2
Assistant Professor, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Rohollah
Nikooie
r_nikooie@uk.ac.ir
3
Associate Professor, University of Shahid Bahonar, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
تذکری، زهرا؛ زارعی، مریم؛ میرزا رحیمی، مهرداد (1381). «تأثیر آموزش تغذیه بر میزان گلوکز خون و درشتمغذیهای دریافتی بیماران دیـابتی وابسته به انـسولین»، مجلۀ علمی پژوهشی دانـشگاه علوم پزشکی اردبیل، دورۀ 2، ش 6، ص 21-17.
1
علیزاده، اکرم؛ سلیمانی، منصوره؛ کاتبی، مجید (1389). «آشنایی و مهارتهای کار با حیوانات آزمایشگاهی (موش کوچک آزمایشگاهی و موش صحرایی)»، رویان پژوه انسان، اولین ویرایش.
2
محمدی، جمشید؛ میرزایی، علی؛ دلاویز، حمداله؛ محمدی، بهرام (1391). «اثرات عصارۀ هیدروالکلی میوۀ لگجی بر تغییرات هیستومورفولوژی در پانکراس موش صحرایی دیابتی شده»، مجلۀ علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بیرجند، دورۀ 19، ش 3، ص 244-235.
3
یغمایی، پریچهر؛ اصفهانینژاد، حمیده؛ حیاتی رودباری، نسیم؛ احمدی، رامش (1391). «بررسی تأثیر روی بر دیابت در نوزادان نر دیابتیشدۀ رت»، مجلۀ علوم پزشکی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دورۀ 1، ش 22، ص 22-16.
4
علیجانی، عیدی (1380). «نقش فعالیتهای ورزشی در کنترل و پیشگیری بیماری دیابت»، فصلنامۀ المپیک، ش 1 و2.
5
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6
Bloem CJ and Chang AM. (2008). Short-Term Exercise Improves β-Cell Function and Insulin Resistance in Older People with Impaired Glucose Tolerance. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 93)2(: 387-392.
7
Brun JF, Guintrand-Hugret R, Fons C, et al. (1995). Effects of oral zinc gluconate on glucose effectiveness and insulin -sensitivity in humans. Biol. Trace. Elem. Res, 47)1-3(: 385-391.
8
Chausmer AB. (1998). Zinc, insulin and diabetes. J Am CollNutr, 17(2): 109-115.
9
Cosentino, MJ, Schoen, SR, Cockett AT. (1984). Effect of sympathetic denervation of rat internal genitalia on daily sperm output. Urology, 24(6): 587-90.
10
Dixon, JB, & OBrien PE. (2002). Changes in comorbidities and improvements in quality of life after LAP-BAND placement. The American journal of surgery, 184(6): 51-54.
11
Estakhri M, Djazayery A, Eshraghian MR, Majdzadeh R, Jalali M, Karamizadeh Z, & Milani MP. (2011). Serum zinc levels in children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes mellitus. Iranian journal of public health, 40(4): 83.
12
Herbst A, Bachran R, Kapellen T, & Holl RW. (2006). Effects of regular physical activity on control of glycemia in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine, 160(6): 573-577.
13
Quarterman J, Mills CF, & Humphries WR. (1966). The reduced secretion of, and sensitivity to insulin in zinc-deficient rats. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 25(3): 354-358.
14
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15
Ricci G, Catizone A, Esposito R, Pisanti FA, Vietri MT, Galdieri M. (2009). Diabetic rat testes: morphological and functional alterations. Andrologia, 41(6): 361-8.
16
Riddell MC, Perkins BA. (2006). Type 1 Diabetes and Vigorous Exercise: Applications of Exercise Physiology to Patient Management. Canadian journal of diabetes, 30(1): 63-71.
17
Salgueiro MJ, Marcela BZ, Lysionek AE, Caro RA, Boccio JR. (2002). The role of zinc in the growth and development of children. Nutrition J, 18(6): 510-519.
18
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20
Talebi AR, Vahidi S, Aflatoonian A, Ghasemi N, Ghasemzadeh J, Firoozabadi, RD, & Moein MR. (2012). Cytochemical evaluation of sperm chromatin and DNA integrity in couples with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortions. Andrologia, 44(1): 462-470.
21
Yoshikawa Y, Ueda E, Miyake H, Sakurai H, & Kojima Y. (2001). Insulinomimeticbis (maltolato) zinc (II) complex: Blood glucose normalizing effect in KK-A mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biochem .Biophys. Res. Commun, 281(5): 1190-1193.
22
Zinman B, Ruderman N, Campaigne BN, Devlin JT, Schneider SH, & American Diabetes Association. (2003). Physical activity/exercise and diabetes mellitus. Diabetes care, 26: 73.
23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Examination of the Changes in IL-15, CRP and Serum Irisin in Different Rest Intervals after a Session of Resistance Activity in the Elderly
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes of IL-15, CRP and serum irisin after one session of resistance activity in the elderly at different intervals with a view on the possibility of changing the muscles and improving sarcopenia. 15 elderly (mean age 63.32 ± 4.5 years, height 168.61 ± 2.33 cm and weight 78.5 ± 4.2 kg) voluntarily participated in this study. The subjects performed weight training for 45 minutes in 3 sets of 8 repetitions at 80% 1RM intensity with 2- minute rest intervals and 3-minute intervals. For statistical analysis of data, one-way ANOVA and LSD post hoc test were used (P<0.05). The findings showed that levels of IL-15 and irisin significantly increased immediately after the test and levels of CRP and irisin significantly increased 24 hours after the test (P<0.05). Inflammatory factors showed a significant increase 72 hours after the test compared with the period before the activity (P<0.05). So, a session of resistance activity can elevate the levels of some of these factors in the elderly which may function as a factor which affects the improvement of muscle function and especially the control of sarcopenia in these people.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63458_90856c409eb9bb77b1b20c2bdf12d16f.pdf
2017-08-23
271
284
10.22059/jsb.2017.217509.1115
Elderly
inflammatory factors
Irisin
strength exercis
Ehsan
Asghari
e_asghary27p@yahoo.com
1
Ph.D. Student of Exercise Physiology-Sport Biochemistry and Metabolism, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zahra
Mirzendedel
zahra_mirzendedel@yahoo.com
2
Ph.D. Student of Exercise Physiology-Sport Biochemistry and Metabolism, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
اراضی، حمید؛ دمیرچی، ارسلان؛ مصطفیلو، علی (1388). «اثرات یک جلسه تمرین موازی استقامتی- مقاومتی بر تغییرات هماتولوژیک مردان ورزشکار»، فیزیولوژی ورزش، ش 2، ص 26-17.
1
Arazi H, Asadi A., (2013). One repetition maximum test increases serum indices of muscle damage and soreness in trained and untrained males. Apunts Med Esport; 48(178): 49-54.
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Barquilha G, Uchida MC, Santos VC, Moura NR, Lambertucci RH, Hatanaka E., (2011). Characterization of the effects of one maximal repetition test on muscle injury and inflammation markers. Web med Central Physiol, 2:1-8.
3
Barra NG, Chew MV, Reid S, Ashkar AA., (2012). Interleukin-15 treatment induces weight loss independent of lymphocytes. PLoS ONE, 7(6): e39553.
4
Bostrom P, Wu J, Jedrychowski MP, Korde A, Ye L, Lo JC., (2012). A PGC-1a dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature, 481: 463–468.
5
Brenmoeh J, Albrecht E, Komolka K, Schering L, Langhammer M, Hoeflich A, Maak S., (2014). Irisin Is Elevated in Skeletal Muscle and Serum of Mice Immediately after Acute Exercise, Int. J. Biol. Sci, 10: 338-349.
6
Brown WM, Davison GW, McClean CM, Murphy MH., (2015). A Systematic Review of the Acute Effects of Exercise on Immune and Inflammatory Indices in Untrained Adults. Sports Medicine; 1:35, 1-10.
7
Derbre F, Gomez-Cabrera MC, Nascimento AL, Sanchis-Gomar F, Martinez-Bello VE, Tresguerres JA, Fuentes T, Gratas-Delamarche A, Monsalve M, Vina J., (2012). Age associated low mitochondrial biogenesis may be explained by lack of response of PGC-1alpha to exercise training. Age (Dordr.), 34: 669–679.
8
Franceschi C, Bonafe M, Valensin S, Olivieri F, De Luca M, Ottaviani E, De Benedictis G., (2000). Inflamm-aging. An evolutionary perspective on immunosenescence. Ann NY Acad Sci, 908: 244–254.
9
Gatta PD, Garnham AP, Peake JM, Smith DC., (2014). Effect of exercise training on skeletal muscle cytokine expression in the elderly. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 39 (2014): 80–86.(s1)
10
Huh JY, Mougios V, Kabasakalis A, Fatouros I, Siopi A, Douroudos II, Filippaios A, Panagiotou G, Park KH, Mantzoros CS., (2014). Exercise-induced irisin secretion is independent of age or fitness level and increased irisin may directly modulate muscle metabolism through AMPK activation. J Clin. Endocrinol. Metab, 99: E2154–E2161.
11
Huh JY, Panagiotou G, Mougios V, Brinkoetter M, Vamvini MT, Scheneider BE, Mantzoros CS., (2012). FNDC5 and Irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metabolism, 61: 1725-1738.
12
Inoue DS, Panissa VG, Monterio PA, Gerosa NJ, Rossi FC, Antunes BM, Franchini E, CholewaJM, Gobbo LA, BIO S. Lira BS., (2015). Immunometabolic responses to concurrent training the effects of exercise order in recreational weight lifters. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 1: 1-7.
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Janssen I, Ross R., (2005). Linking age-related changes in skeletal muscle mass and composition with metabolism and disease. J Nutr Health Aging, 9: 408–419.
14
Janssen I., (2006). Influence of sarcopenia on the development of physical disability: the cardiovascular health study. J Am Geriatr Soc, 54: 56–62.
15
Justin WL. Keogh L, Winwood PW., (2016). The Epidemiology of Injuries across the Weight Training Sports: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine, 1-58.
16
Kelly DP., (2012). Irisin, light my fire. Medicine Science, 336: 42–43.
17
Kramer HF, Goodyear LJ., (2007). Exercise, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol, 103(1): 388–95.
18
Liu J., (2015). Irisin as an exercise-stimulated hormone binding crosstalk between organs. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 19: 316-321.
19
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Acute Effect of the Type and Intensity of Dynamic Contraction on Performance Indicators and Some Electromyographic Variables of Vertical Jump in Track and Field Athletes
The aim of this study was to examine the temporary effect of type and intensity of dynamic contractions on some electromyography and performance variables in professional track and field athletes. 9 subjects randomly performed one of the four protocols in 4 different days: usual warm-up (control group), warm-up and a set of four repetitions of negative half squatting (120% of 1RM), warm-up and a set of six repetitions of power-strength half squatting (80% of 1RM) and warm-up and a set of twelve repetitions of power-velocity half squatting (40% of 1RM). 7 minutes after each protocol, the subjects performed the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and vertical jump test. Simultaneously, EMG activity of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and biceps femoris muscles was registered in MVIC test and concentric phase of vertical jump. Then, maximum muscle activity and RMS/MVC ratio index was derived from EMG data. The results showed that vertical jump, the maximum muscle activity and RMS/MVC ratio significantly increased after negative and power-strength half squatting protocols compared with the control group (P≤0.05). Furthermore, negative half squatting protocol had more increase than power-strength half squatting (P≤0.05). So the special warm-up including half squatting with supra-maximal and close to the maximum intensities can improve vertical jump performance compared with the usual warm-up.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_63459_4d08b4c258dc2f364e70c14a22738ad4.pdf
2017-08-23
285
300
10.22059/jsb.2017.212671.1102
Electromyography
negative resistance activity
postactivation potentiation
power-strength resistance activity
power-velocity resistance activity
Hossein
Ramezani
hosseinramezani128@yahoo.com
1
Sports Physiology Physical Activity and Health MSc Student, Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences of Tehran kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hamid
Rajabi
hrajabi1346@gmail.com
2
Associate Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences of Tehran kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Pejman
Motamedi
pzhmanmotamedi@gmail.com
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences of Tehran kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
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