ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Neural and Performance Adaptations to Plyometric Training Versus Combined Plyometric and Sprint Training in Young Soccer Players
The purpose of this study was the comparison of neural and performance adaptations to plyometric training versus combined training. 22 young soccer players (age 14.28±0.82 years, weight 41.18±7.5 kg, height 154.5±9.36, body fat 7.43±2.68%) were randomly assigned to plyometric group (plyometric and soccer skills training, PL) (n=8), combined group (combined plyometric and sprint and soccer skills training, COM) (n=7) and control (soccer skills training) group (n=7) that performed 6 weeks of training (16seasons). To assess neural adaptations surface EMG was done on vastus lateralis and vastus medialis muscles in the static mode, pre and post training program. Hoffmann reflex was also evaluated in soleus muscle at rest. At baseline and after training, performances of players were assessed with the tests: 5-meter sprint, 10-meter sprint, 20-meter sprint, agility test, countermovment jump [CMJ], and Bosco (5 seconds). paired t-test and one- way ANOVA was used to identify any significant differences and p ? 0.05 was accepted .Both plyometric and combined groups were associated with significant decreases in 5-meter sprint (-5.97, -3.87%), 10-meter sprint (-4.05, -2.33%), 20-meter sprint (-2.64, -1.64%), agility (-8.99, -7.5%) and significant increases in jump height for CMJ (12.95, 7.3%) and Bosco (14.08, 13.44%). Control group showed only a significant decrease in agility (-4.72%). PL and COM groups showed significant increase in SEMG of vastus lateralis and medialis muscles (36.54, 15.06%), respectively. In three groups H-reflex did not show significant variation. However, PL and COM groups with no significant difference in the post training (P? 0.05). Therefore, according to these results it seems that effects of plyometric and sprint training is similar and PL and COM training induced similar performance adaptations, which have possibly a neural origin and may be attributable to increased motor unit recruitment and/or faster firing rates, but motor reflex does not seem to play any role in these adaptations.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_36776_eed1c984b85bd1596f7501432bd4ac0d.pdf
2014-03-21
1
19
10.22059/jsb.2014.36776
Explosive actions
Hoffmann reflex
plyometric
soccer
Surface Electromyography
Aboozar
Kavehee
aboozar.kavehee@gmail.com
1
دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، گروه تربیت بدنی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
AUTHOR
Reza
Ghara khanlou
ghara_re@modares.ac.ir
2
دانشیار دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، گروه تربیت بدنی، گرایش فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران،ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hamid
Rajabi
hrajabi1346@gmail.com
3
دانشیار دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی، گرایش فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Physical Fitness, Anthropometric and Body Composition Profile of Iranian National Adolescent Volleyball Players
The purpose of this study was to profiled the body composition, anthropometric and physical fitness qualities of Iranian national adolescent volleyball players, and quantified relationships between these characteristics. The sample of this study was 40 national adolescent volleyball players (Age: 17.9±0.3). Body composition factors: (weight, BMI, WHR, body fat percentage, muscle mass) and Anthropometric indexes: Girths (waist, hip, abdomen, forearm, arm, thigh, calf), Breadths (wrist, humerus, femur), Lengths (stature, standing reach height, arm span, midstylion-dactylion , radiale-stylion, tibiale mediale-sphyrion tibiale, midstylion-dactylion) were measured. Also, physiological and Physical Fitness variables: (heart rate, blood pressure, basal metabolic rate (BMR), long jump, barfix, sit up, 20-m sprint, agility 4×9 m, spike jump, block jump, anaerobic power (15s ergojump test), aerobic capacity (2400 m), explosive power (vertical jump), flexibility (sit and reach test)) characteristics were measured. Descriptive statistics are used to describe the subjects profile and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to study relationships between variables. The results showed significant relationships between some variables. Spike jump and block jump were negatively correlated with Height and standing reach height and positively correlated with long jump and flexibility (p<0.05). Also mean values in height and spike and block height were lesser than mean of world’s top adolescent players. The data presented in this paper can be a proper model for coaches in talent identification and competent player selection, finding strengths and weaknesses of Iranian national team comparing to world levels and optimizing planning particularly in training design.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_50140_c9f45750bddfc116dbd3fec0f8b9b5a3.pdf
2014-03-21
21
39
10.22059/jsb.2014.50140
anthropometry
Body Composition
physical fitness
Volleyball
Adolescents
Alireza
Salimi Avansar
a_salimi@sbu.ac.ir
1
استادیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشکده تربیت بدنی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
AUTHOR
Mostafa
Baranchi
m.baranchi@modares.ac.ir
2
Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Samane
Koneshlou
s.koneshlou@yahoo.com
3
دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparison of two types of physical activity on response serum VEGF-A, non-athletic men
some important Compatibility that occur with exercise is increase of the capillary density or angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have mitogen role for endothelial cells and consider an important intermediary angiogenesis process. The purpose of this study was comparing the effect of two type of physical activity on response of serum VEGF-A in non-athlete men. For this aim 11 non-athletes male (mean %23/80 years) voluntarily chosen and performed progressive aerobic activity and high intensity interval exercise. Blood samples was taken before, immediately and 2 hours post of exercise. Paired T-test was used to compare data derived from two types of activities. Progressively Aerobic activity increased serum VEGF-A was administered immediately after perform (%31/44). Together, two hours after the performance level of VEGF-A levels continued to rise and increased the rest rate of (%59/90). Immediately after performed the high intensity interval exercise, serum levels of VEGF-A decreased (%10/74), but two hours later showed increase than the level rest of exercise (%13/20). Comparative studies between the two types of progressive aerobic exercise and high intensity interval exercise showed that no significant difference between these two types of activity in stimulate of the serum level VEGF-A in the before(P =0/108), immediately(P =0/339) and 2 hours post exercise(P=0/593). Based on the findings of this research, progressive aerobic activity and a single bout high intensity interval exercise as an angiogenesis factor VEGF-A serum measurements can affect them.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_36777_d08172baa0f90ae6401243d83e3dba3a.pdf
2014-03-21
41
56
10.22059/jsb.2014.36777
angiogenesis
High interval intensity exercise
Progressive aerobic exercise
vascular endothelial growth factor
Ali Asghar
Ravasi
a.ravasi@ut.ac.ir
1
استاد گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Yadegari
mehdi.sport313@yahoo.com
2
دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشگاه مازندران
LEAD_AUTHOR
Siroos
Choobineh
choobineh@ut.ac.ir
3
استادیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of L-Carnitine and Aerobic Exercise on Aerobic Power and Bblood Latate in Young Male
Abstract: this research was done to determine the effect of using L-carnitine and selected exercises on aerobic capacity and blood lactate. In this study 30 unathletes students of Shahid Rajaee University took part with the age of 22/63±1/75, height: 176 cm, weight 71/33±1 and BMI: 23/17±2/6. Subjects randomly divided into 3 groups, control group who were doing the selected exercises, experimental group 1 who received L-_carnitine and experimental group 2 who received L-carnitine and were doing the selected exercises. Exercises contain 4 weeks, 3 sessions of 60 minutes interval 65-85 percent oxygen uptake. Before and after 4 weeks the aerobic capacity was measured by Bruce test and blood lactate by loctometers. Data was evaluated by using descriptive statical methods and kolmogrof smirnoof and Levin test and dependent Test and one way ANOVA. Exercise, supplement, and exercise with supplement had meaningful effect on the aerobic capacity and rest blood lactate (p?/005) and donot meaningful effect on the maximal blood lactate. there were not such a significant difference between exercise, supplement and exercise with supplement on the aerobic capacity,rest blood lactate and maximal blood lactate. So to improve the function sports and deacrase aerobic power we can use the L-carnitine supplement with the exercise.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_36778_3e35aed9f639d2f55af6be4247571c7e.pdf
2014-03-21
57
68
10.22059/jsb.2014.36778
blood lactate
aerobic power
young males
l-carnitine
Majid
Kashef
kashef1337@gmail.com
1
دانشیارگروه فیزیولوژی ورزش دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی
AUTHOR
ALireza
Ramezani
ramezani_ar@yahoo.com
2
استادیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Mohammadi
mmohammadi767@yahoo.com
3
کارشناس ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of 6 Weeks of Resistance Training on some Indexes of Untrained Women's Heart Morphologic
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of resistance training on morphological indicators of untrained women's heart health. For this purpose, 20 sedentary females (22/6±18 years old, 162/3±6/5 cm height, 58±5/1 kg weight, 18/3±5/2% percentage of fat and the surface of body: 1/62±0/15 m2) were selected randomly and assigned to two experimental (n = 10) and control (n = 10) groups. The anthropometric indexes, body composition and echocardiogram testing were measured before and after 6 weeks of resistance training exercise. The exercise protocol consisted of six movements with weights 3 of 10 repetitions with 70-60% of the 1RM. The results showed that after 6 weeks of resistance training exercise thickness of ventricular wall increased 10% and left ventricular end-systolic size decreased 10% (p?0/05) compared with the control group. But other indicators didn't change significantly. Thus, the results showed that 6 weeks of resistance training using weights, despite significant effect on some of the test, could possibly increase performance and heart healthy of untrained women who participated in our study.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_36779_2c136bf9d49020841dc8004f73889436.pdf
2014-03-21
69
80
10.22059/jsb.2014.36779
Echocardiogram indexes
resistance training
untrained women
Fateme
Shabkhiz
shabkhiz@ut.ac.ir
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Nima
Gharahdaghi
n_gharahdaghi@ut.ac.ir
2
PhD Student, Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zeinab
Inanlou
3
B.Sc,
AUTHOR
Niloofar
Saffarian
4
Ph.D, ECG Department, shanzdahe Azar Hospital, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Different Music Rhythms in Physiological Responses of Health Young Males after an Exhaustive Exercise Session during Recovery Period
Introduction: purpose of this study was the effect of different music rhythms (Fast rhythm and slow rhythm) in physiological responses of health young male after an exhaustive exercise session during primary minutes of recovery period. Methods: Seventeen healthy male (Ages: 19.76 ± 0.97 yr, Height: 176 ± 6.72 cm, Weight: 68.5 ±7 5.95 kg), voluntarily performed Bruce protocol until exhaustion with 72 hours between three stage of test. Then after exhaustion while listening to slow music and fast music in three stages, with counter balanced format in the seconds, 30, 60, 90 and 120 during recovery period variables (Heart rate, Cardiac output, Stroke volume, Ventilation, Tidal volume, Respiratory rate, Oxygen consumption and Blood pressure) were measured. Result: Result of this study show that listening to music during recovery period significant decrease of cardiac output, stroke volume, ventilation, tidal volume, oxygen consumption and systolic and diastolic blood pressure and significant increase of heart rate and respiratory rate (P<0.05). Conclusions: The present study showed that listening to music after vigorous exercise, decrease cardio- respiratory efficiency by decrease of stroke volume and tidal volume and increase of heart rate and respiratory rate.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_36780_722c030c5c968baa814a4dd13feb4813.pdf
2014-03-21
81
93
10.22059/jsb.2014.36780
Cardio- respiratory responses
Different music rhythms
Exhaustion
recovery
Ali
Akbarnejad
aakbarnejad@ut.ac.ir
1
استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
Hamed
Barzegar
h.barzegar@ut.ac.ir
2
- دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشگاه تهران
LEAD_AUTHOR
Rahman
Soori
rahmansoori@yahoo.com
3
دانشیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
Elham
Vosadi
e.vosadi@ut.ac.ir
4
- دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
Parisa
Poornemati
1111111@yahoo.com
5
Assistance Professor, university of Tehran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect Regular Endurance Exercises and Galbanum Supplement on Vascular Function during Chronic Hypertension in Male Wistar Rats
Chronic inflammation is an integral part of cardiovascular disease and high blood pressure was found to be associated with endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of endurance training and Galbanum supplement on parameters related to vascular function includes endothelial selectin(E-SELECTIN) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor(ACE-I) as inflammatory factors and vasoconstriction and nitric oxide(NO) as a factor vasodilation during chronic hypertension induced by Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(L-NAME) in male Wistar rats.48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups; 1) basic, 2)sham, 3)L-NAME, 4)endurance training, 5)Galbanum and 6)training+Galbanum. Groups of 3 until 6, five times a week for eight weeks, 10 mg / kg L-NAME solutions were given. Also, rats in the sham group received saline in the same conditions. Groups of 4 and 6 were performed endurance running protocol on a treadmill speed of 15 to 20 meters per minute for 25 to 64 minutes 5 times a week for 8 weeks. Groups of 5 and 6 received 90 mg / kg dissolved Galbanum using gavage 5 times a week for 8 weeks. Infusion of L-NAME was led to hypertension, as was detected by significance decrease in ACE-I (p<0.00). Furthermore, hypertension was associated with increased NO and decreased E-SELECTIN. The training protocol significance reduces E-SELECTIN (p<0.00) and significance increased NO (p<0.04) in the 4 group and administration of Galbanum causes a decrease in E-SELECTIN (p<0.00) in the 5 group and combine training and galbanum causes a significance decrease in E-SELECTIN (p<0.00) and a significance increase in NO (p<0.03) in group of 6, as compared to L-NAME group in p<0.05 significance level. Chronic hypertension is associated with endothelial dysfunction and use of non-pharmacological strategies such as endurance training and Galbanum antioxidant supplementation probably through vascular endothelial function can cause controlled high blood pressure.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_36781_ae5129838abeb2ce3e47df2739f3529a.pdf
2014-03-21
95
113
10.22059/jsb.2014.36781
nitric oxide
Vascular Function
Antioxidant
Exercise endurance
Hypertension
Zohreh
Jalali
z_jalali136541@yahoo.com
1
Master in Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education ,University of Mazandaran-Babolsar Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Valiollah
Dabidi Roshan
vdabidiroshan@yahoo.com
2
Associate Professor of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education ,University of Mazandaran-Babolsar, Iran
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparison in Effect of one Session of Swimming and Running Exercise on Appetite and Calorie Intake in the Healthy Girls
Obgective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of one session of swimming and running exercise on the appetite , calorie intake in the the healthy girls. Methodology: The research design was a cross-sectional one and 12 girl from among university students (average age 22.5 ± 1.3 yr, BMI 21.17 ± 2.68 kg/m², Weight 56.07 ± 5.46 kg and body fat percent 27.12 ± 8.31) voluntarily to participate in three modes of control , swimming and running exercise with 80-85% intensity of maximum heart rate up to the exhuastion level. The appetite rate of the individuals two hours before the exercise ,immediately after the exercise, two and eight hours after the exercise was tested through appetite questionnaires. Also, the calorie intake in the days of implementing protocols and before and after performing protocols were recorded by the subjects themselves. Data were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance and one-way ANOVA. The test significance level was taken as p<0.05.Result: No significant change was observed in the appetite and calorie intake due to the one session of swimming and running exercise(p<0.05).Conclusion: one session of Swimming and running exercise has no effect on the appetite and calorie intake. In conclusion, in contrast to what some people believe, one session of exercise untill eight hours after that does not increase hunger and can be used for controlling and reduction weight. Therefore, doing exercise can balance the calorie intake negatively. This negative energy balance will not recover in short-term and there is no difference between swimming and running in this regard.
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_50141_da9bfe0c6afd3657c45f9135f1e91c12.pdf
2014-03-21
115
127
10.22059/jsb.2014.50141
girl
appetite
Running
swimming
calorie intake
Zohreh
Davarzany
davar_z2005@yahoo.com
1
کارشناس ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری-سبزوار -ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Hamedinia
mrhamedinia@sttu.ac.ir
2
استاد دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری - دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری -سبزوار -ایران
AUTHOR
Ali Reza
Hosseini
hosseinik@um.ac.ir
3
دانشیار دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری - دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری- سبزوار -ایران
AUTHOR
Mitra
Khadem Alsharieh
m_khadem_un@yahoo.com
4
دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه –کرمانشاه ایران
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
English Abstracs
https://jsb.ut.ac.ir/article_50663_3c57ca445611e1e23d057be0ea03e543.pdf
2014-03-21
1
8
10.22059/jsb.2014.50663